HOME PAGE 

Bhagavadgita Pages in English, Chapters 1 to 18

BG01

BG02

BG03

BG04

BG05

BG06

BG07

BG08

BG09

BG10

BG11

BG12

BG13

BG14

BG15

BG16

BG17

BG18

 

bg01-Sanskrit

bg02-Sanskrit

bg03-Sanskrit

bg04-Sanskrit

bg05-Sanskrit

bg06-Sanskrit

bg07-Sanskrit

bg08-Sanskrit

bg09-Sanskrit

bg10-Sanskrit bg11-Sanskrit bg12-Sanskrit
bg13-Sanskrit bg14-Sanskrit bg15-Sanskrit bg16-Sanskrit bg17-Sanskrit

bg18-Sanskrit

www.bhagavadgitausa.com

V.Krishnaraj

Search Wikipedia:

 

BG Chapter 14::The Three-Guna Psychology

 

 

श्रीभगवानुवाच

परं भूयः प्रवक्ष्यामि ज्ञानानां ज्ञानमुत्तमम् ।

यज्ज्ञात्वा मुनयः सर्वे परां सिद्धिमितो गताः ॥१४- १॥

śrībhagavān uvāca
paraṁ bhūyaḥ pravakṣyāmi jñānānāṁ jñānam uttamam
yaj jñātvā munayaḥ sarve parāṁ siddhim ito gatāḥ 14.1

śrībhagavān uvāca
param
1 bhūyaḥ2 pravakṣyāmi3 jñānānām4 jñānam5 uttamam6
yat
7 jñātvā8 munayaḥ9 sarve10 parām11 siddhim12 ita13 gatāḥ14 14.1

 

śrībhagavān uvāca = Sri Bhagavan said:  pravakṣyāmi3 = I shall declare; bhūyaḥ2 = again;  param1 = supreme; jñānam5 = knowledge; uttamam6 = the highest; jñānānām4 = of all knowledge;  jñātvā8 = knowing; yat7 = which;  sarve10 = all; munayaḥ9 = sages; gatāḥ14 = attained; ita13 = from here [this world]; parām11 = supreme; siddhim12 = perfection. 14.1

 

14.1:  Sri Bhagavan said:

I shall again declare the supreme knowledge, which is the highest of all knowledge, by knowing which all munis (sages) attained supreme perfection in their afterlives.

Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj

 

इदं ज्ञानमुपाश्रित्य मम साधर्म्यमागताः ।

सर्गेऽपि नोपजायन्ते प्रलये न व्यथन्ति च ॥१४- २॥

idaṁ jñānam upāśritya mama sādharmyam āgatāḥ
sargepi nopajāyante pralaye na vyathanti ca 14.2

idam1 jñānam2 upāśritya3 mama4 sādharmyam5 āgatāḥ6
sarge
7 api8 na upajāyante9 pralaye10 na vyathanti11 ca12 14.2

 

upāśritya3 = Taking refuge in;  idam1 = this; jñānam2 = knowledge; [and] āgatāḥ6 = attaining; mama4 = My; sādharmyam5 = Nature [same identity]; [they]  na upajāyante9  = are neither born; sarge7 = during creation; na vyathanti11ca12  = nor suffer pain; api8 = even;  pralaye10 = at dissolution.14.2

 

14.2:  Having taken refuge in knowledge, and having entered My nature, they are neither born at the time of creation nor suffer at the time of dissolution.

Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj

मम योनिर्महद्ब्रह्म तस्मिन्गर्भं दधाम्यहम् ।

संभवः सर्वभूतानां ततो भवति भारत ॥१४- ३॥

mama yonir mahad brahma tasmin garbhaṁ dadhāmy aham
saṁbhavaḥ sarvabhūtānāṁ tato bhavati bhārata 14.3

mama1 yoni2 mahat brahma3 tasmin4 garbham5 dadhāmi6 aham7
sambhavaḥ
8 sarva-bhūtānām9 tata10 bhavati11 bhārata12 14.3

 

mahat brahma3  = The Great Brahman; [is] mama1 = My; yoni2 = Womb;  tasmin4 = in it [in the Womb]; aham7= I; dadhāmi6 = induce [place]; garbham5 = pregnancy;  tata10 = thereafter;  sambhavaḥ8 = birth; sarva-bhūtānām9 = of all beings;bhavati11 = occurs; bhārata12 O Scion of Bharata. 14.3

 

14.3:   The great Brahman is My womb, in which I induce pregnancy. From that, all living beings are born, O Bharata.

Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj

सर्वयोनिषु कौन्तेय मूर्तयः संभवन्ति याः ।

तासां ब्रह्म महद्योनिरहं बीजप्रदः पिता ॥१४- ४॥

sarvayoniṣu kaunteya mūrtayaḥ saṁbhavanti yāḥ
tāsāṁ brahma mahad yonir ahaṁ bījapradaḥ pitā 14.4

sarva-yoniṣu1 kaunteya2 mūrtayaḥ3 sambhavanti4 yāḥ5
tāsām
6 brahma7 mahat8 yoni9 aham10 bīja-pradaḥ11 pitā12 14.4

 

yāḥ5 = Whatever; mūrtayaḥ3 = forms; sambhavanti4 = appear/are born; sarva-yoniṣu1 = from all wombs; kaunteya2 = O son of Kunti; mahat8 = the Great; brahma7 = Brahman; [is] yoni9 = the Womb; aham10 = I; [am]  bīja-pradaḥ11= the seed giving; pitā12 = father tāsām6 = of them.    14.4

 

14.4:  Whatever forms appear in the wombs, O son of Kunti, I am the seed-giving father of all of them in the great womb of Brahma. 

Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj

 

सत्त्वं रजस्तम इति गुणाः प्रकृतिसंभवाः ।

निबध्नन्ति महाबाहो देहे देहिनमव्ययम् ॥१४- ५॥

sattvaṁ rajas tama iti guṇāḥ prakṛtisambhavāḥ
nibadhnanti mahābāho dehe dehinam avyayam 14.5

sattvam1 rajas2 tama3 iti4 guṇāḥ5 prakṛti-sambhavāḥ6
nibadhnanti
7 mahābāho8 dehe9 dehinam10 avyayam11 14.5

 

sattvam1 = Sattva/goodness; rajas2 = Rajas/passion; tama3 = Tamas/darkness; iti4 = thus; guṇāḥ5 = the Gunas or qualities; prakṛti-sambhavāḥ6  = are born of nature; [and] nibadhnanti7 = bind down; avyayam11 = the imperishable; dehinam10 = living being [soul]; dehe9 = to the body; mahābāho8 = O Mighty-armed Arjuna. 14.5
 

14.5:  Sattva, Rajas, and Tamas are the gunas, born of Prakriti, bind down the imperishable self to the body.

Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj

 

तत्र सत्त्वं निर्मलत्वात्प्रकाशकमनामयम् ।

सुखसङ्गेन बध्नाति ज्ञानसङ्गेन चानघ ॥१४- ६॥

tatra sattvaṁ nirmalatvāt prakāśakam anāmayam
sukhasaṅgena badhnāti jñānasaṅgena cānagha 14.6

tatra1 sattvam2 nirmalatvāt3 prakāśakam4 anāmayam5
sukhasaṅgena
6 badhnāti7 jñāna-saṅgena8 ca9 anagha10 14.6

 

tatra1 = Therefore; sattvam2 = Sattva; nirmalatvāt3 = being pure; [is] prakāśakam4 = shining; [and] anāmayam5 = free of sickness; [ but] badhnāti7 = binds; sukhasaṅgena6 =  because of connection to happiness; ca9 = and; jñāna-saṅgena8 = connection to knowledge;  anagha10 = O sinless one.14.6

 

 14.6:  Because Sattva is pure, it is shining and sickness-free (anāmayam), but binds one (the self) because of its attachment to happiness and knowledge, O Arjuna.

Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj

 

रजो रागात्मकं विद्धि तृष्णासङ्गसमुद्भवम् ।

तन्निबध्नाति कौन्तेय कर्मसङ्गेन देहिनम् ॥१४- ७॥

rajo rāgātmakaṁ viddhi tṛṣṇāsaṅgasamudbhavam
tan nibadhnāti kaunteya karmasaṅgena dehinam 14.7

raja1 rāgātmakam2 viddhi3 tṛṣṇā-asaṅga-samudbhavam4
tat
5 nibadhnāti6 kaunteya7 karma-saṅgena8 dehinam9 14.7

 

kaunteya7 = O son of Kunti; viddhi3 = know; raja1 = Rajas/passion; [is] rāgātmakam2 = of the form of desire;  tṛṣṇā-asaṅga-samudbhavam4 = born of avidity and attachment [avidity-attachment-born of]; tat5 = that; nibadhnāti6 = binds; dehinam9 = the embodied self; karma-saṅgena8  = by its attachment to actions.  14.7

 

14.7:  Know that Rajas is (of the nature of) passion and greed. O son of Kunti, it (Rajas) binds the embodied self by its attachment to fruits of work.

Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj

तमस्त्वज्ञानजं विद्धि मोहनं सर्वदेहिनाम् ।

प्रमादालस्यनिद्राभिस्तन्निबध्नाति भारत ॥१४- ८॥

tamas tv ajñānajaṁ viddhi mohanaṁ sarvadehinām
pramādālasyanidrābhis tan nibadhnāti bhārata 14.8

tama1 tu2 ajñānajam3 viddhi4 mohanam5 sarva-dehinām6
pramāda-ālasya-nidrābhi
7 tat8 nibadhnāti9 bhārata10 14.8

 

tu2 = But; viddhi4 = know; tama1 = Tamas/darkness; ajñānajam3 = is born of ignorance; [causing] mohanam5 = delusion; sarva-dehinām6  = to all embodied selves; tat8 = that;  nibadhnāti9 = binds; pramāda-ālasya-nidrābhi7 = by negligence, laziness, and sleep;  bhārata10 = O son of Bharata.14.8 

 

14.8:  Know that Tamas is born of ajnāna (ignorance) and it deludes all embodied selves. It (Tamas) binds by negligence, laziness, and sleep, O son of Bharata.

Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj

 

सत्त्वं सुखे संजयति रजः कर्मणि भारत ।

ज्ञानमावृत्य तु तमः प्रमादे संजयत्युत ॥१४- ९॥

sattvaṁ sukhe saṁjayati rajaḥ karmaṇi bhārata
jñānam āvṛtya tu tamaḥ pramāde saṁjayaty uta 14.9

sattvam1 sukhe2 sañjayati3 rajaḥ4 karmaṇi5 bhārata6
jñānam
7 āvṛtya8 tu9 tamaḥ10 pramāde11 sañjayati12 uta13 14.9 

 

sattvam1 = Sattvam/goodness; sañjayati3 = attaches a person; sukhe2 = to happiness; rajaḥ4 = rajas/passion; karmaṇi5 = to action; bhārata6 = O Bharata; tu9 = but; tamaḥ10 = tamas/darkness; sañjayati12 =  attaches; pramāde11 = to negligence; uta13 = also āvṛtya8 = by hiding; jñānam7 = wisdom.14.9   

 

14.9:  Sattva attaches one to happiness; Rajas to action; O Bharata, and Tamas to negligence by hiding wisdom. 

Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj

 

रजस्तमश्चाभिभूय सत्त्वं भवति भारत ।

रजः सत्त्वं तमश्चैव तमः सत्त्वं रजस्तथा ॥१४- १०॥

rajas tamaś cābhibhūya sattvaṁ bhavati bhārata
rajaḥ sattvaṁ tamaś caiva tamaḥ sattvaṁ rajas tathā 14.10

raja1 tama2 ca3 abhibhūya4 sattvam5 bhavati6 bhārata7
rajaḥ
8 sattvam9 tama10 ca11 eva12 tamaḥ13 sattvam14 raja15 tathā16 14.10

 

sattvam5 = Sattva/virtue; bhavati6 = becomes; abhibhūya4 = superior; [by subduing] raja1 = Rajas/passion; ca3 = and; tama2 = Tamas/darkness; bhārata7 = O Scion of Bharata Clan. rajaḥ8 = Rajas; [augments by subduing] sattvam9 = Sattva; ca11 = and;  tama10 = Tamas; eva12 = indeed. tamaḥ13 = Tamas; tathā16 = thus; [augments by subduing] sattvam14 = Sattva; [and] raja15 = Rajas. 14.10
 

14.10:  Sattva dominates by overcoming Rajas and Tamas; O Bharata, Rajas (dominates) Sattva and Tamas like that; and Tamas (dominates) thus Sattva and Rajas.

Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj

 

सर्वद्वारेषु देहेऽस्मिन्प्रकाश उपजायते ।

ज्ञानं यदा तदा विद्याद्विवृद्धं सत्त्वमित्युत ॥१४- ११॥

sarvadvāreṣu dehesmin prakāśa upajāyate
jñānaṁ yadā tadā vidyād vivṛddhaṁ sattvam ity uta 14.11

sarva-dvāreṣu1 dehe2 asmin3 prakāśa4 upajāyate5
jñānam
6 yadā7 tadā8 vidyāt9 vivṛddham10 sattvam11 iti12 uta13 14.11

 

yadā7 = When; prakāśa4 = light; [of] jñānam6 = knowledge; upajāyate5 = manifests [shines]; sarva-dvāreṣu1 = from all gates; asmin3 = in this; dehe2 = body; tadā8 = then; vidyāt9 = know; sattvam11 = Sattva; iti12 = thus; uta13 = indeed; vivṛddham10 = has augmented.14.11

 

14.11:  When the light of knowledge shines forth from the gates of the body, we know that Sattva has increased or expanded. 

Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj

 

लोभः प्रवृत्तिरारम्भः कर्मणामशमः स्पृहा ।

रजस्येतानि जायन्ते विवृद्धे भरतर्षभ ॥१४- १२॥

lobhaḥ pravṛttir ārambhaḥ karmaṇām aśamaḥ spṛhā
rajasy etāni jāyante vivṛddhe bharatarṣabha 14.12

lobhaḥ1 pravṛtti2 ārambhaḥ3 karmaṇām4 aśamaḥ5 spṛhā6
rajasi
7 etāni8 jāyante9 vivṛddhe10 bharata-rṣabha11 14.12

 

lobhaḥ1 = Greed; pravṛtti2 = activity; ārambhaḥ3 = beginning; karmaṇām4 = of actions; aśamaḥ5 = unrest; [and] spṛhā6 = desire: etāni8 = these; jāyante9 = manifest; [when] rajasi7 = Rajas quality;  vivṛddhe10 = becomes dominant; bharata-rṣabha11  = O the best of Bharatas. 14.12

 

14.12:  Greed, activity, and beginning of self-serving endeavors, unrest, and eager desire: these come forth when Rajas increases, O Best of Bharatas.  

Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj

 

 

अप्रकाशोऽप्रवृत्तिश्च प्रमादो मोह एव च ।

तमस्येतानि जायन्ते विवृद्धे कुरुनन्दन ॥१४- १३॥

aprakāśopravṛttiś ca pramādo moha eva ca
tamasy etāni jāyante vivṛddhe kurunandana 14.13

aprakāśa1 apravṛtti2 ca3 pramāda4 moha5 eva6 ca7
tamasi
8 etāni9 jāyante10 vivṛddhe11 kuru-nandana12 14.13

 

aprakāśa1 = Darkness; apravṛtti2 = stagnation/inactivity; pramāda4 = negligence;  ca3 = and; moha5 ca7 = also delusion: etāni9 = these; eva6 = indeed; jāyante10 = come forth; [when]  tamasi8 = Tamas quality;  vivṛddhe11 = increases; kuru-nandana12  = O son of Kuru.14.13
 

14.13:  Darkness, stagnation, Negligence, and delusion: these come forth when Tamas increases, O Joy (son) of Kurus.

Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj

 

यदा सत्त्वे प्रवृद्धे तु प्रलयं याति देहभृत् ।

तदोत्तमविदां लोकानमलान्प्रतिपद्यते ॥१४- १४॥

yadā sattve pravṛddhe tu pralayaṁ yāti dehabhṛt
tadottamavidāṁ lokān amalān pratipadyate 14.14

yadā1 sattve2 pravṛddhe3 tu4 pralayam5 yāti6 deha-bhṛt7
tadā
8 uttamavidām9 lokān10 amalān11 pratipadyate12 14.14

 

yadā1 = When; deha-bhṛt7 = the embodied;  yāti6 = proceeds to; pralayam5 = dissolution/death; [and] sattve2 = Sattva/virtue; pravṛddhe3 = is on the ascent/ dominant; tu4 = certainly; tadā8 = then; pratipadyate12 = he attains; amalān11 = the pure; lokān10 = world; uttamavidām9 = of knowers of the highest. 14.14
 

14.14:  When the embodied proceeds to dissolution and Sattva is on the ascent, that time he reaches the world of the pure and the knowers of the Highest.

Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj

 

रजसि प्रलयं गत्वा कर्मसङ्गिषु जायते ।

तथा प्रलीनस्तमसि मूढयोनिषु जायते ॥१४- १५॥

rajasi pralayaṁ gatvā karmasaṅgiṣu jāyate
tathā pralīnas tamasi mūḍhayoniṣu jāyate 14.15

rajasi1 pralayam2 gatvā3 karma-saṅgiṣu4 jāyate5
tathā
6 pralīna7 tamasi8 mūḍha-yoniṣu9 jāyate10 14.15

 

pralayam2 gatvā3 = Attaining death [ death-attain]; rajasi1 = in Rajas quality; jāyate5 = he takes birth;  karma-saṅgiṣu4 = [among people] attached to action;  tathā6 = likewise; pralīna7 = when one dies; tamasi8 = in Tamas; jāyate10 = he takes birth; mūḍha-yoniṣu9  = in ignorant wombs [in animal wombs]. 14.15
 

14.15:   Attaining dissolution during Rajas, (it) takes birth among those attached to action. In like manner, when one dissolves during Tamasic nature, he takes birth in an ignorant womb.

Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj

 

कर्मणः सुकृतस्याहुः सात्त्विकं निर्मलं फलम् ।

रजसस्तु फलं दुःखमज्ञानं तमसः फलम् ॥१४- १६॥

karmaṇaḥ sukṛtasyāhuḥ sāttvikaṁ nirmalaṁ phalam
rajasas tu phalaṁ duḥkham ajñānaṁ tamasaḥ phalam 14.16

karmaṇaḥ1 sukṛtasya2 āhuḥ3 sāttvikam4 nirmalam5 phalam6
rajasa
7 tu8 phalam9 duḥkham10 ajñānam11 tamasaḥ12 phalam13 14.16

 

phalam6 = The fruit; sukṛtasya2 = of good/pious; karmaṇaḥ1 = action;  āhuḥ3 = is said to be; nirmalam5 = pure; sāttvikam4 = virtue; tu8 = but; phalam9 = fruit;  rajasa7 = of passion; [is] duḥkham10 = sorrow; phalam13 = the fruit; [of] ajñānam11 = ignorance; [ is] tamasaḥ12 = Tamas. 14.16

 

14.16:  The fruit of good action is (said to be) Sātvikam and purity, the fruit of Rājasah is misery (and suffering), and the fruit of Tamasah is ignorance.

Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj

 

सत्त्वात्संजायते ज्ञानं रजसो लोभ एव च ।

प्रमादमोहौ तमसो भवतोऽज्ञानमेव च ॥१४- १७॥

sattvāt saṁjāyate jñānaṁ rajaso lobha eva ca
pramādamohau tamaso bhavatojñānam eva ca 14.17

sattvāt1 sañjāyate2 jñānam3 rajasa4 lobha5 eva6 ca7
pramāda-mohau
8 tamasa9 bhavata10 ajñānam11 eva12 ca13 14.17

 

sattvāt1 = From virtue; sañjāyate2 = arises; jñānam3 = knowledge; rajasa4 = from passion; lobha5 = greed; eva6 = indeed; ca7 = and; tamasa9 = from darkness; bhavata10 = comes; pramāda-mohau8 = madness and delusion; ca13 = and; ajñānam11 = ignorance; eva12 = indeed.14.17
 

14.17:   From Sattva arises knowledge; from Rajas (arises) greed; and from Tamas arise negligence, delusion and ignorance.

Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj

ऊर्ध्वं गच्छन्ति सत्त्वस्था मध्ये तिष्ठन्ति राजसाः ।

जघन्यगुणवृत्तिस्था अधो गच्छन्ति तामसाः ॥१४- १८॥

ūrdhvaṁ gacchanti sattvasthā madhye tiṣṭhanti rājasāḥ
jaghanyaguṇavṛttisthā adho gacchhanti tāmasāḥ 14.18

ūrdhvam1 gacchanti2 sattvasthā3 madhye4 tiṣṭhanti5 rājasāḥ6
jaghanya-guṇa-vṛttisthā
7 adha8 gacchhanti9 tāmasāḥ10 14.18

 

sattvasthā3 = They who are steadfast in Sattva; gacchanti2 = go; ūrdhvam1 = higher [in the realm of gods];  rājasāḥ6 = the Rajasic; tiṣṭhanti5 = stay/remain; madhye4 = in the middle; tāmasāḥ10 = the Tamasic; jaghanya-guṇa-vṛttisthā7 = immersed in lowest quality, [the lowest-quality-being in any state or condition or employment]; gacchhanti9 = go; adha8 = low [born as worms, birds, animals]. 14.18

 

14.18:  They who are steadfast in Sattva go upward (to heaven); the Rajasic stay in the middle; and the Tamasic immersed in the meanest guna, go down or sink low.

Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj

 

नान्यं गुणेभ्यः कर्तारं यदा द्रष्टानुपश्यति ।

गुणेभ्यश्च परं वेत्ति मद्भावं सोऽधिगच्छति ॥१४- १९॥

nānyaṁ guṇebhyaḥ kartāraṁ yadā draṣṭānupaśyati
guṇebhyaś ca paraṁ vetti madbhāvaṁ sodhigacchhati 14.19

na anyam guṇebhyaḥ1 kartāram2 yadā3 draṣṭā4 anupaśyati5
guṇebhya
6 ca7 param8 vetti9 madbhāvam10 sa11 adhigacchhati12 14.19

 

yadā3 = When; draṣṭā4 = a Seer; anupaśyati5 = sees; na anyam guṇebhyaḥ1 = none other than the three Gunas; [as] kartāram2 = the agent;  ca7 = and; vetti9 = knows; [that which is] param8 = Supreme; guṇebhya6 = to the Gunas/qualities; sa11 = he; adhigacchhati12 = attains; madbhāvam10 = My State.14.19
 

14.19:  When the seer discovers no agent other than the Gunas, and knows that which is Supreme and beyond the Gunas, he attains to My state.

Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj

 

गुणानेतानतीत्य त्रीन्देही देहसमुद्भवान् ।

जन्ममृत्युजरादुःखैर्विमुक्तोऽमृतमश्नुते ॥१४- २०॥

guṇān etān atītya trīn dehī dehasamudbhavān
janmamṛtyujarāduḥkhair vimuktomṛtam aśnute 14.20

guṇān1 etān2 atītya3 trīn4 dehī5 deha-samudbhavān6
janma-mṛtyu-jarā-duḥkhai
7 vimukta8 amṛtam9 aśnute10 14.20

 

atītya3 = Transcending; etān2 = these;  trīn4 = three; guṇān1 = Gunas; [which] deha-samudbhavān6  = give rise to the body [body-giving birth to]; dehī5 = the embodied [soul]; vimukta8 = having become free; janma-mṛtyu-jarā-duḥkhai7 = from birth, death, old age, and sorrow; aśnute10 = attains/experiences; amṛtam9 = immortality.14.20
 

14.20: The embodied self transcends the three Gunas that give rise to the body and attains to immortality, having become free from birth, death, old age and sorrow.

Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj

 

अर्जुन उवाच

कैर्लिङ्गैस्त्रीन्गुणानेतानतीतो भवति प्रभो ।

किमाचारः कथं चैतांस्त्रीन्गुणानतिवर्तते ॥१४- २१॥

arjuna uvāca
kair liṅgais trīn guṇān etān atīto bhavati prabho
kimācāraḥ kathaṁ caitāṁs trīn guṇān ativartate 14.21

arjuna uvāca
kai
1 liṅgai2 trīn3 guṇān4 etān5 atīta6 bhavati7 prabho8
kim
9 ācāraḥ10 katham11 ca12 etān13 trīn14 guṇān15 ativartate16 14.21

 

arjuna uvāca = Arjuna said:  kai1 = by what; liṅgai2 = marks/signs; [one is said to] atīta6 = transcend; etān5 = these; trīn3 = three; guṇān4 = Gunas/qualities? kim9 = What; bhavati7 = is; [his] ācāraḥ10 = conduct; prabho8 = O Lord; ca12 = and; katham11 = how; [does he] ativartate16 = transcend; etān13 = these; trīn14 = three; guṇān15 = Gunas? 14.21

 

14.21:  Arjuna said:

What are the marks of a man who transcended the three Gunas? What is his conduct? How (in what manner) does he transcend these three Gunas, O Lord?

Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj

 

श्रीभगवानुवाच

प्रकाशं च प्रवृत्तिं च मोहमेव च पाण्डव ।

न द्वेष्टि संप्रवृत्तानि न निवृत्तानि काङ्क्षति ॥१४- २२॥

śrībhagavān uvāca
prakāśaṁ ca pravṛttiṁ ca moham eva ca pāṇḍava
na dveṣṭi saṁpravṛttāni na nivṛttāni kāṅkṣati 14.22

śrībhagavān uvāca
prakāśam
1 ca2 pravṛttim3 ca4 moham5 eva6 ca7 pāṇḍava8
na
9 dveṣṭi10 sampravṛttāni11 na12 nivṛttāni13 kāṅkṣati14 14.22

 

śrībhagavān uvāca = Sri bhagavan said; pāṇḍava8 = O Pandava; [he] na9 = neither; dveṣṭi10 = hates; prakāśam1 = Light [knowledge]; ca2 = and; pravṛttim3 = activity; ca4 = and; moham5 = delusion; eva6 = indeed; sampravṛttāni11 = when they arise; ca7 = and; na12 = nor; kāṅkṣati14 = desires; [for them, when they]   nivṛttāni13 = disappear or cease to exist;  14.22  
 

14.22:  Sri Bhagavan said:

O Pandava, he, who hates illumination, activity, and delusion, neither when they arise, and desires for them nor when they cease (continued)

Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj

 

उदासीनवदासीनो गुणैर्यो न विचाल्यते ।

गुणा वर्तन्त इत्येव योऽवतिष्ठति नेङ्गते ॥१४- २३॥

udāsīnavad āsīno guṇair yo na vicālyate
guṇā vartanta ity eva yovatiṣṭhati neṅgate 14.23

udāsīnavat1 āsīna2 guṇai3 ya4 na vicālyate5
guṇā
6 vartante7 iti8 eva9 ya10 avatiṣṭhati11 na iṅgate12 14.23

 

ya4 = He who; āsīna2 = is sitting; udāsīnavat1 = indifferent to; guṇai3 = Gunas; na vicālyate5  = not perturbed; [knowing] guṇā6 = Gunas; vartante7 = act; iti8 = thus; eva9 = surely; ya10 = he; avatiṣṭhati11 = remains firm; [and] na iṅgate12 = does not waver... 14.23

 

14.23:  He, who is sitting indifferent to these Gunas, unperturbed, and knowing the Gunas are in motion, remains firm and does not waver.

Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj

 

समदुःखसुखः स्वस्थः समलोष्टाश्मकाञ्चनः ।

तुल्यप्रियाप्रियो धीरस्तुल्यनिन्दात्मसंस्तुतिः ॥१४- २४॥

samaduḥkhasukhaḥ svasthaḥ samaloṣṭāśmakāñcanaḥ
tulyapriyāpriyo dhīras tulyanindātmasaṁstutiḥ 14.24

sama-duḥkha-sukhaḥ1 svasthaḥ2 sama-loṣṭa-aśma-kāñcanaḥ3
tulya-priya-apriya
4 dhīra5 tulya-nindā-ātma-saṁstutiḥ6 14.24

 

sama-duḥkha-sukhaḥ1 = equal in sorrow and happiness; svasthaḥ2 = abiding in his self; sama-loṣṭa-aśma-kāñcanaḥ3  = equal in regarding a clod, a stone and gold [= equal-clod-stone-gold]; tulya-priya-apriya4 = equal in regarding the desirable and the undesirable [equal-desirable-undesirable]; dhīra5 = wise; tulya-nindā-ātma-saṁstutiḥ6 = equal in blame, and praise of him [equal-blame-self-praise]... 14.24

 

14.24:  He, who is tranquil in pain and pleasure, abides in his own self, regards that a clod, a stone, and gold are equal; to whom the desirable and the undesirable are the same; who is wise; who is the same in blame and praise; and  (continued)

Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj

 

मानापमानयोस्तुल्यस्तुल्यो मित्रारिपक्षयोः ।

सर्वारम्भपरित्यागी गुणातीतः स उच्यते ॥१४- २५॥

mānāpamānayos tulyas tulyo mitrāripakṣayoḥ
sarvārambhaparityāgī guṇātītaḥ sa ucyate 14.25

māna-apamānayo1 tulya2 tulya3 mitra-ari-pakṣayoḥ4
sarva-ārambha-parityāgī
5 guṇātītaḥ6 sa7 ucyate8 14.25

 

[who is] tulya2 = equal; māna-apamānayo1 = in honor and dishonor;  tulya3 = equal; mitra-ari-pakṣayoḥ4  = to friends and foes;  arva-ārambha-parityāgī5 = who has renounced all initiatives; sa7 = he; ucyate8 = is said to; guṇa-atītaḥ6 = transcend the Gunas. 14.25

 

14.25:   He, who considers honor and dishonor equal; who regards friends and foes alike; and who abandons all (self-serving) initiatives, is said to transcend the Gunas.

Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj

 

मां च योऽव्यभिचारेण भक्तियोगेन सेवते ।

स गुणान्समतीत्यैतान्ब्रह्मभूयाय कल्पते ॥१४- २६॥

māṁ ca yovyabhicāreṇa bhaktiyogena sevate
sa guṇān samatītyaitān brahmabhūyāya kalpate 14.26

mām1 ca2 yah3 avyabhicāreṇa4 bhakti-yogena5 sevate6
sa
7 guṇān8 samatītya9 etān10 brahma-bhūyāya11 kalpate12 14.26

 

yah3 = Whoever; sevate6 = renders service; mām1 = to Me; avyabhicāreṇa4 = with unswerving; bhakti-yogena5  = devotional service;  ca2 = and; samatītya9 = transcends completely; etān10 = these; guṇān8 = Gunas [qualities]; sa7 = he; kalpate12 = is fit; brahma-bhūyāya11 = to become Brahman. 14.26

 

14.26:  He, who serves Me with unswerving Bhakti yoga (devotional service) and rises above all these gunas, becomes fit for the state of Brahman. 

Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj

 

ब्रह्मणो हि प्रतिष्ठाहममृतस्याव्ययस्य च ।

शाश्वतस्य च धर्मस्य सुखस्यैकान्तिकस्य च ॥१४- २७॥

brahmaṇo hi pratiṣṭhāham amṛtasyāvyayasya ca
śāśvatasya ca dharmasya sukhasyaikāntikasya ca 14.27

brahmaṇa1 hi2 pratiṣṭhā3 aham4 amṛtasya5 avyayasya6 ca7
śāśvatasya
8 ca9 dharmasya10 sukhasya11 aikāntikasya12 ca13 14.27

 

aham4 = I; [am] pratiṣṭhā3 = the abode; brahmaṇa1 = of Brahman; hi2 = indeed;  amṛtasya5 = of the immortal; avyayasya6 = of the imperishable/ the immutable; ca7 = and; śāśvatasya8 = of the eternal; ca9 = and; dharmasya10 = of Dharma/ righteousness; ca13 = and; aikāntikasya12 = of absolute; sukhasya11 = happiness or Bliss.14.27

 

14.27:   I am the abode of Brahman, immortal and imperishable, and eternal dharma and absolute bliss.

Copyright © 2009 Veeraswamy Krishnaraj

End BG Chapter 14: The Three-Guna Psychology