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V.Krishnaraj

BG Chapter 18: Renunciation and Liberation

अर्जुन उवाच

संन्यासस्य महाबाहो तत्त्वमिच्छामि वेदितुम् ।

त्यागस्य च हृषीकेश पृथक्केशिनिषूदन ॥१८- १॥

arjuna uvāca
saṁnyāsasya mahābāho tattvam icchāmi veditum
tyāgasya ca hṛṣīkeśa pṛthak keśiniṣūdana 18.1

arjuna uvāca
sannyāsasya¹ mahābāho² tattvam³ icchāmi⁴ veditum⁵
tyāgasya⁶ ca⁷ hṛṣīkeśa⁹ pṛthak⁹ keśi-niṣūdana¹⁰ 18.1

arjuna uvāca = Arjuna said: mahābāho² = O mighty-armed one; hṛṣīkeśa⁹ = O Killer of Demon Kesi; icchāmi⁴ = I desire; veditum⁵= to know; tattvam³ = the truth; sannyāsasya¹ = of asceticism or renunciation; ca⁷ = and; tyāgasya⁶ = of Tyaga; pṛthak⁹ = severally [one by one, individually and comparatively = compare and contrast ]; keśi-niṣūdana¹⁰ = O Killer of Demon Kesi. 18.1

18.1 Arjuna said:

I wish (or desire) to know the Truth about Sannyāsa and Tyāga and the difference (thereof), O Mahabaho, O Kesi-nisūdana.

श्रीभगवानुवाच

काम्यानां कर्मणां न्यासं संन्यासं कवयो विदुः ।

सर्वकर्मफलत्यागं प्राहुस्त्यागं विचक्षणाः ॥१८- २॥

śrībhagavān uvāca
kāmyānāṁ karmaṇāṁ nyāsaṁ saṁnyāsaṁ kavayo viduḥ
sarvakarmaphalatyāgaṁ prāhus tyāgaṁ vicakṣaṇāḥ 18.2

śrībhagavān uvāca
kāmyānām¹ karmaṇām² nyāsam³ sannyāsam⁴ kavayaḥ⁵ viduḥ⁶
sarva-karma-phala-tyāgam⁷ prāhuḥ⁸ tyāgam⁹ vicakṣaṇāḥ¹⁰ 18.2

śrībhagavān uvāca = Sri Bhagavan said: kavayaḥ⁵ = the learned; viduḥ⁶= know; sannyāsam⁴ = renunciation; [is] nyāsam³ = renunciation; karmaṇām² = of actions; kāmyānām¹ = attached to desire; vicakṣaṇāḥ¹⁰ = the wise (the experienced); prāhuḥ⁸ = declare; tyāgam⁹ = Tyaga; [is] sarva^7A-karma^7B-phala^7C-tyāgam^7D = giving up^7D the fruits^7C of all^7A actions^7B.18.2

18.2: Sri Bhagavan said:

The seer knows that sannyāsa is renunciation of work attached to desires. The wise declare Tyāga as renouncing the fruits of all actions. Sannyasam= renouncing of action. Tyagam: renouncing of fruits.

त्याज्यं दोषवदित्येके कर्म प्राहुर्मनीषिणः ।

यज्ञदानतपःकर्म न त्याज्यमिति चापरे ॥१८- ३॥

tyājyaṁ doṣavad ity eke karma prāhur manīṣiṇaḥ
yajñadānatapaḥkarma na tyājyam iti cāpare 18.3

tyājyam¹ doṣavat² iti³ eke⁴ karma⁵ prāhuḥ⁶ manīṣiṇaḥ⁷
yajña-dāna-tapaḥ-karma⁸ na⁹ tyājyam¹⁰ iti¹¹ca¹² apare¹³ 18.3

eke⁴ = Some; manīṣiṇaḥ⁷= wise men; prāhuḥ⁶ = say or declare; karma⁵= work or action; doṣavat² = laden with evil; iti³ tyājyam¹ = should be renounced¹ thus³; ca¹² = and; apare¹³ = others; [say] yajña^8A-dāna^8B-tapaḥ^8C-karma^8D = acts^8D of sacrifice^8A, charity^8B & penance^8C; [should] na⁹ tyājyam¹⁰ = not be relinquished; iti¹¹= thus.18.3

18.3: Some wise men say that all work is evil and should be renounced, while others say that acts of sacrifice, charity, and penance should not be relinquished.

निश्चयं शृणु मे तत्र त्यागे भरतसत्तम ।

त्यागो हि पुरुषव्याघ्र त्रिविधः संप्रकीर्तितः ॥१८- ४॥

niścayaṁ śṛṇu me tatra tyāge bharatasattama
tyāgo hi puruṣavyāghra trividhaḥ saṁprakīrtitaḥ 18.4

niścayam¹ śṛṇu² me³ tatra⁴ tyāge⁵ bharata-sattama⁶
tyāgaḥ⁷ hi⁸ puruṣa-vyāghra⁸ trividhaḥ⁹ saṁprakīrtitaḥ¹⁰ 18.4

bharata-sattama⁶ = O the Best of Bharatas; niścayam¹ = certainly; śṛṇu² = hear; me³ = from Me; tatra⁴ = with regards to; tyāge⁵ = renunciation; tyāgaḥ⁷ = renunciation; hi⁸ = indeed; puruṣa-vyāghra⁸ = O tiger among men; saṁprakīrtitaḥ¹⁰ = is declared to be; trividhaḥ⁹ = of three kinds. 18.4

18.4: Certainly, hear from Me, O the Best of the Bharatas. In renunciation, Tyāga is declared to be of three kinds, O Tiger among men.

यज्ञदानतपःकर्म न त्याज्यं कार्यमेव तत् ।

यज्ञो दानं तपश्चैव पावनानि मनीषिणाम् ॥१८- ५॥

yajñadānatapaḥkarma na tyājyaṁ kāryam eva tat
yajño dānaṁ tapaś caiva pāvanāni manīṣiṇām 18.5

yajña¹ dāna² tapaḥ³ karma⁴ na⁵ tyājyam⁶ kāryam⁷ eva⁸ tat⁹
yajñaḥ¹⁰ dānam¹¹ tapaḥ¹² ca¹³ eva¹⁴ pāvanāni¹⁵ manīṣiṇām¹⁶ 18.5

karma⁴ = Acts; [of] yajña¹ =sacrifice; dāna² = charity; [and] tapaḥ³ = penance; na⁵ tyājyam⁶ = should not be renounced; eva⁸ = indeed; tat⁹ = that [these]; kāryam⁷ = should be done; yajñaḥ¹⁰ = sacrifice; dānam¹¹ = charity; ca¹³ = and; eva¹⁴ = indeed; tapaḥ¹² = austerity; [are] pāvanāni¹⁵ = purifiers; manīṣiṇām¹⁶ = of the wise. 18.5

18.5: Acts of sacrifice, charity, and penance should not be renounced and must be done. Sacrifice, charity, and penance purify the wise.

एतान्यपि तु कर्माणि सङ्गं त्यक्त्वा फलानि च ।

कर्तव्यानीति मे पार्थ निश्चितं मतमुत्तमम् ॥१८- ६॥

etāny api tu karmāṇi saṅgaṁ tyaktvā phalāni ca
kartavyānīti me pārtha niścitaṁ matam uttamam 18.6

etāni¹ api² tu³ karmāṇi⁴ saṅgam⁵ tyaktvā⁶ phalāni⁷ ca⁸
kartavyāni⁹ iti¹⁰ me¹¹ pārtha¹² niścitam¹³ matam¹⁴ uttamam¹⁵ 18.6

tu³ = But; etāni¹ = these; karmāṇi⁴ = actions; api² = indeed; kartavyāni⁹ = should be performed; tyaktvā⁶ = by renouncing; saṅgam⁵ = attached; phalāni⁷ = fruits; ca⁸= and; iti¹⁰ = thus; [it is] me¹¹ = My; niścitam¹³ = firm/decided/entrenched; [and] uttamam¹⁵ = the best/the highest; matam¹⁴ = opinion; pārtha¹² = O Partha.18.6

18.6: All actions should be performed renouncing the attached fruits. It is thus My decided (considered) and best opinion, O Partha.

नियतस्य तु संन्यासः कर्मणो नोपपद्यते ।

मोहात्तस्य परित्यागस्तामसः परिकीर्तितः ॥१८- ७॥

niyatasya tu saṁnyāsaḥ karmaṇo nopapadyate
mohāt tasya parityāgas tāmasaḥ parikīrtitaḥ 18.7

niyatasya¹ tu² saṁnyāsaḥ³ karmaṇaḥ⁴ na⁵ upapadyate⁶
mohāt⁷ tasya⁸ parityāgaḥ⁹ tāmasaḥ¹⁰ parikīrtitaḥ¹¹ 18.7

tu² = But; saṁnyāsaḥ³ = renunciation; niyatasya¹ = of prescribed/obligatory; karmaṇaḥ⁴ = acts/duty; [is] na⁵ = not; upapadyate⁶= proper. parityāgaḥ⁹ = renunciation; tasya⁸ = of them [obligatory acts]; mohāt⁷ = because of delusion; parikīrtitaḥ¹¹ = is said to be; tāmasaḥ¹⁰ = due to ignorance.18.7

18.7: Renunciation of prescribed duty is improper. Renunciation because of illusion is (said to be) due to Tamas or ignorance. Tamas = darkness, ignorance.

दुःखमित्येव यत्कर्म कायक्लेशभयात्त्यजेत् ।

स कृत्वा राजसं त्यागं नैव त्यागफलं लभेत् ॥१८- ८॥

duḥkham ity eva yat karma kāyakleśabhayāt tyajet
sa kṛtvā rājasaṁ tyāgaṁ naiva tyāgaphalaṁ labhet 18.8

duḥkham¹ iti² eva³ yat⁴ karma⁵ kāya-kleśa-bhayāt⁶ tyajet⁷
saḥ⁸ kṛtvā⁹ rājasam tyāgam¹⁰ na¹¹ eva¹² tyāga-phalam¹³ labhet¹⁴ 18.8

yat⁴ = Whatever; karma⁵ = work; tyajet⁷= one renounces; iti²eva³ = thus indeed from [on account of'] duḥkham¹ = difficulty; [and] kāya-kleśa-bhayāt⁶= for fear of bodily pain; saḥ⁸ = he; kṛtvā⁹ = having done; rājasam tyāgam¹⁰= renunciation based on passion; na¹¹ = does not; eva¹² = indeed; labhet¹⁴ = gain; tyāga-phalam¹³ = the fruits of renunciation 18.8

18.8: He, who renounces his work because of difficulty and for fear of bodily pain, does not gain the fruits of Tyāga by doing Rajasic Tyāga or renunciation. Rajas = passion, motion.

कार्यमित्येव यत्कर्म नियतं क्रियतेऽर्जुन ।

सङ्गं त्यक्त्वा फलं चैव स त्यागः सात्त्विको मतः ॥१८- ९॥

kāryam ity eva yat karma niyataṁ kriyaterjuna
saṅgaṁ tyaktvā phalaṁ caiva sa tyāgaḥ sāttviko mataḥ 18.9

kāryam¹ iti² eva³ yat⁴ karma⁵ niyatam⁶ kriyate⁷ arjuna⁸
saṅgam⁹ tyaktvā¹⁰ phalam¹¹ ca¹² eva¹³ saḥ¹⁴ tyāgaḥ¹⁵ sāttvikaḥ¹⁶ mataḥ¹⁷ 18.9

yat⁴ = Whatever; niyatam⁶ = obligatory; karma⁵ = action/duty; kriyate⁷ = is done; iti² = thus; eva³ = indeed; [is] kāryam¹ = prescribed duty; arjuna⁸= O Arjuna; tyaktvā¹⁰ = giving up; saṅgam⁹ = attachment; ca¹² = and; phalam¹¹ = fruits; saḥ¹⁴ = that; eva¹³ = indeed; mataḥ¹⁷ = is regarded; sāttvikaḥ¹⁶ = Sattvic; tyāgaḥ¹⁵ = renunciation.18.9

18.9: When he does the prescribed duty, that ought to be done, O Arjuna, giving up the attachment and the fruits, in My opinion, is sattvic Tyāga or renunciation. Sattva = virtue, goodness.

न द्वेष्ट्यकुशलं कर्म कुशले नानुषज्जते ।

त्यागी सत्त्वसमाविष्टो मेधावी छिन्नसंशयः ॥१८- १०॥

na dveṣṭy akuśalaṁ karma kuśale nānuṣajjate
tyāgī sattvasamāviṣṭo medhāvī chinnasaṁśayaḥ 18.10

na¹ dveṣṭi² akuśalam³ karma⁴ kuśale⁵ na⁶ anuṣajjate⁷
tyāgī⁸ sattva⁹ samāviṣṭaḥ¹⁰ medhāvī¹¹ chinna¹² saṁśayaḥ¹³ 18.10

[He who] na¹ = neither; dveṣṭi² = hates; akuśalam³ = disagreeable; karma⁴ = action; na⁶ = nor; anuṣajjate⁷= is attached to; kuśale⁵ = agreeable; [action] [is] tyāgī⁸ = a renouncer; samāviṣṭaḥ¹⁰ = full of; sattva⁹ = Sattva/goodness; medhāvī¹¹ = a wise man; chinna¹² = having cut off; saṁśayaḥ¹³ = doubts. 18.10

18.10: He, who neither hates disagreeable action nor is attached to agreeable action, is a sattvika, a Tyagi, and a wise man, having cut off all doubts.

न हि देहभृता शक्यं त्यक्तुं कर्माण्यशेषतः ।

यस्तु कर्मफलत्यागी स त्यागीत्यभिधीयते ॥१८- ११॥

na hi dehabhṛtā śakyaṁ tyaktuṁ karmāṇy aśeṣataḥ
yas tu karmaphalatyāgī sa tyāgīty abhidhīyate 18.11

na¹ hi² deha-bhṛtā³ śakyam⁴ tyaktum⁵ karmāṇi⁶ aśeṣataḥ⁷
yaḥ⁸ tu⁹ karma-phala-tyāgī¹⁰ saḥ¹¹ tyāgi¹² iti¹³ abhidhīyate¹⁴ 18.11

[It is] na¹ = never; hi² = indeed; śakyam⁴ = possible; [for] deha-bhṛtā³ = the corporeal being; [to] tyaktum⁵ = renounce; karmāṇi⁶ = actions; aśeṣataḥ⁷= entirely; tu⁹ = but; yaḥ⁸ = whoever; karma^10A-phala^10B-tyāgī^10C= renounces^10C fruits^10B of actions^10A; saḥ¹¹ = he; abhidhīyate¹⁴ = is said to be; iti¹³ = thus; tyāgi¹² = the renouncer. 18.11

18.11: It is certainly never possible for the embodied one to renounce all actions. However, anyone renouncing the fruit of work is (said to be) a Tyagi.

अनिष्टमिष्टं मिश्रं च त्रिविधं कर्मणः फलम् ।

भवत्यत्यागिनां प्रेत्य न तु संन्यासिनां क्वचित् ॥१८- १२॥

aniṣṭam iṣṭaṁ miśraṁ ca trividhaṁ karmaṇaḥ phalam
bhavaty atyāgināṁ pretya na tu saṁnyāsināṁ kvacit 18.12

aniṣṭam¹ iṣṭam² miśram³ ca⁴ trividham⁵ karmaṇaḥ⁶ phalam⁷
bhavati⁸ atyāginām⁹ pretya¹⁰ na¹¹ tu¹² sannyāsinām¹³ kvacit¹⁴ 18.12

aniṣṭam¹ = The undesirable (hell); iṣṭam² = the desirable (gods); ca⁴ = and; miśram³ = mixed (humans): trividham⁵ = three kinds; [of] phalam⁷= fruits/results; karmaṇaḥ⁶ = of actions; [that] bhavati⁸ = happen; pretya¹⁰ = after death; atyāginām⁹ = to the non-renouncer; tu¹² = but; na¹¹ = not; sannyāsinām¹³ = to the Sannyasis or renouncers; kvacit¹⁴ = at any time. 18.12

18.12: The desirable, the undesirable, and the mixed are the three kinds of fruits of work that come after death for the Atyagi but not for the Tyagi.

पञ्चैतानि महाबाहो कारणानि निबोध मे ।

सांख्ये कृतान्ते प्रोक्तानि सिद्धये सर्वकर्मणाम् ॥१८- १३॥

pañcaitāni mahābāho kāraṇāni nibodha me
sāṁkhye kṛtānte proktāni siddhaye sarvakarmaṇām 18.13

pañca¹ etāni² mahābāho³ kāraṇāni⁴ nibodha⁵ me⁶
sāṁkhye⁷ kṛtānte⁸ proktāni⁹ siddhaye¹⁰ sarva-karmaṇām¹¹ 18.13

nibodha⁵ = Learn; me⁶= from Me; mahābāho³ = O Mighty-armed one; etāni² = these; pañca¹ = five; kāraṇāni⁴ = factors/causes; siddhaye¹⁰ = for fulfillment; sarva-karmaṇām¹¹ = of all actions; proktāni⁹ = as said; sāṁkhye⁷ = in Samkhya doctrinal; kṛtānte⁸ = conclusions. 18.13

18.13: Learn from Me O Mahā-Bāho, these five factors/causes for fulfillment of all actions as stated in the Samkhya doctrinal conclusions (Sānkhye-krtānte).

अधिष्ठानं तथा कर्ता करणं च पृथग्विधम् ।

विविधाश्च पृथक्चेष्टा दैवं चैवात्र पञ्चमम् ॥१८- १४॥

adhiṣṭhānaṁ tathā kartā karaṇaṁ ca pṛthagvidham
vividhāś ca pṛthakceṣṭā daivaṁ caivātra pañcamam 18.14

adhiṣṭhānam¹ tathā² kartā³ karaṇam⁴ ca⁵ pṛthak⁶ vidham⁷
vividhāḥ⁸ ca⁹ pṛthak¹⁰ ceṣṭāḥ¹¹ daivam¹² ca¹³ eva¹⁴ atra¹⁵ pañcamam¹⁶ 18.14

adhiṣṭhānam¹ = The place (the body); tathā² = also; kartā³= the doer/the agent/the experiencer/the enjoyer; pṛthak⁶ = different; vidham⁷= kinds; karaṇam⁴ = of the organs/instruments; ca⁵ = and; vividhāḥ⁸ = various; ca⁹ = and; pṛthak¹⁰ = different; ceṣṭāḥ¹¹ = efforts; ca¹³ = and; eva¹⁴ = indeed; daivam¹² = divinity; [are] atra¹⁵ = here; pañcamam¹⁶ = the fifth. 18.14 (the body¹, the doer², the organs³, efforts⁴ and divinity⁵)

18.14: The body, also the agent or the doer, the organs of various kinds, various and separate efforts, and the divinity the fifth are also here.

शरीरवाङ्‌मनोभिर्यत्कर्म प्रारभते नरः ।

न्याय्यं वा विपरीतं वा पञ्चैते तस्य हेतवः ॥१८- १५॥

śarīravāṅmanobhir yat karma prārabhate naraḥ
nyāyyaṁ vā viparītaṁ vā pañcaite tasya hetavaḥ 18.15

śarīra-vāṅ-manobhiḥ¹ yat² karma³ prārabhate⁴ naraḥ⁵
nyāyyam⁶ vā⁷ viparītam⁸ vā⁹ pañca¹⁰ ete¹¹ tasya¹² hetavaḥ¹³ 18.15

yat² = Which [whatever]; karma³ = action; naraḥ⁵= man; prārabhate⁴ = performs/does; śarīra-vāṅ-manobhiḥ¹ = by body, speech and mind; nyāyyam⁶ = proper; vā⁷ = or; tasya¹² = its; viparītam⁸ vā⁹ = opposite/reverse/contrary/perverse; ete¹¹ = these; pañca¹⁰ = five; [are] hetavaḥ¹³ = the causes.18.15

18.15: Whether karma is done in a proper or perverse manner (right or wrong), a man does it by his body, speech and mind; these are its five primary causes. (the body¹, the doer², the organs³, efforts⁴ and divinity⁵)

तत्रैवं सति कर्तारमात्मानं केवलं तु यः ।

पश्यत्यकृतबुद्धित्वान्न स पश्यति दुर्मतिः ॥१८- १६॥

tatraivaṁ sati kartāram ātmānaṁ kevalaṁ tu yaḥ
paśyaty akṛtabuddhitvān na sa paśyati durmatiḥ 18.16

tatra¹ evam² sati³ kartāram⁴ ātmānam⁵ kevalam⁶ tu⁷ yaḥ⁸
paśyati⁹ akṛta-buddhitvāt¹⁰ na¹¹ saḥ¹² paśyati¹³ durmatiḥ¹⁴ 18.16

tu⁷ = But; tatra¹ evam² sati³ = that being so; yaḥ⁸= he; paśyati⁹ = sees; kevalam⁶ = the pure; ātmānam⁵ = his own Self; kartāram⁴ = As the doer; saḥ¹² = he; akṛta-buddhitvāt¹⁰ = due to lack of intelligence; na¹¹ = never; paśyati¹³ = sees; [ and thus he is] durmatiḥ¹⁴ = one with perverse intellect. 18.16

18.16: He sees his own pure “Self” as the [sole] doer or agent due to lack of intelligence. Thus, this ignoramus never sees or perceives. (The ego is the doer; agent is one among the five entities. The pure self is not the agent.)

यस्य नाहंकृतो भावो बुद्धिर्यस्य न लिप्यते ।

हत्वापि स इमाँल्लोकान्न हन्ति न निबध्यते ॥१८- १७॥

yasya nāhaṁkṛto bhāvo buddhir yasya na lipyate
hatvā api sa imāṁl lokān na hanti na nibadhyate 18.17

yasya¹ na² ahaṅkṛtaḥ³ bhāvaḥ⁴ buddhiḥ⁵ yasya⁶ na⁷ lipyate⁸
hatvā⁹ api¹⁰ saḥ¹¹ imān¹² lokān¹³ na¹⁴ hanti¹⁵ na¹⁶ nibadhyate¹⁷ 18.17

yasya¹ = He who; na² = does not; [have] bhāvaḥ⁴ = the state of mind; [of] ahaṅkṛtaḥ³ = doership; yasya⁶ = whose; buddhiḥ⁵ = intelligence; [is] na⁷ = not; lipyate⁸= attached or tainted; api¹⁰ = even; hatvā⁹ = by killing; imān¹² = these; lokān¹³ = beings; saḥ¹¹ = he; na¹⁴ = does not; hanti¹⁵ = kill; na¹⁶ = nor; nibadhyate¹⁷ = is bound.18.17

18.17: He who is free from doership or ego, whose intelligence is not tainted, though he kills in this world, never kills and is never bound (by his killing). (Duteous killing by a soldier does not bind.)

ज्ञानं ज्ञेयं परिज्ञाता त्रिविधा कर्मचोदना ।

करणं कर्म कर्तेति त्रिविधः कर्मसंग्रहः ॥१८- १८॥

jñānaṁ jñeyaṁ parijñātā trividhā karmacodanā
karaṇaṁ karma karteti trividhaḥ karmasaṁgrahaḥ 18.18

jñānam¹ jñeyam² parijñātā³ trividhā⁴ karma-codanā⁵
karaṇam⁶ karma⁷ karta⁸ iti⁹ trividhaḥ¹⁰ karma-saṅgrahaḥ¹¹ 18.18

jñānam¹ = Knowledge; jñeyam² = object of knowledge; [and] parijñātā³ = the knower; [are] trividhā⁴ = three kinds; [of] karma-codanā⁵ = impeller to action. karaṇam⁶ = The sense organs; karma⁷ = the action; [and] karta⁸ = the doer; iti⁹ = thus; [are] trividhaḥ¹⁰ = three kinds; karma-saṅgrahaḥ¹¹= components of action [forming the aggregate].18.18

18.18: Knowledge, object of knowledge, and the knower are the three kinds of stimulus (impelling) to action. The sense organs, the action, and the doer are the threefold confluence of action.

ज्ञानं कर्म च कर्ता च त्रिधैव गुणभेदतः ।

प्रोच्यते गुणसंख्याने यथावच्छृणु तान्यपि ॥१८- १९॥

jñānaṁ karma ca kartā ca tridhaiva guṇabhedataḥ
procyate guṇasaṁkhyāne yathāvac chṛṇu tāny api 18.19

jñānam¹ karma² ca³ kartā⁴ ca⁵ tridhā⁶ eva⁷ guṇa-bhedataḥ⁸
procyate⁹ guṇa-saṅkhyāne¹⁰ yathāvat¹¹ śṛṇu¹² tāni¹³ api¹⁴ 18.19

jñānam¹ = Knowledge; karma² = action; ca³ = and; kartā⁴ = doer/agent; [are] tridhā⁶ = threefold; eva⁷ = indeed; guṇa-bhedataḥ⁸ = according to differences in Gunas; ca⁵ = and; procyate⁹ = are referred to; guṇa-saṅkhyāne¹⁰ = in the science of Gunas; śṛṇu¹² = Hear; api¹⁴ = also; tāni¹³ = all of them; yathāvat¹¹ = as they are. 18.19

18.19: Jnāna, karma, and kartā are threefold, according to the difference in Gunas as stated in the science of Gunas of Sankhya doctrine. Hear it rightly.

सर्वभूतेषु येनैकं भावमव्ययमीक्षते ।

अविभक्तं विभक्तेषु तज्ज्ञानं विद्धि सात्त्विकम् ॥१८- २०॥

sarvabhūteṣu yenaikaṁ bhāvam avyayam īkṣate
avibhaktaṁ vibhakteṣu taj jñānaṁ viddhi sāttvikam 18.20

sarvabhūteṣu¹ yena² ekam³ bhāvam⁴ avyayam⁵ īkṣate⁶
avibhaktam⁷ vibhakteṣu⁸ tat⁹ jñānam¹⁰ viddhi¹¹ sāttvikam¹² 18.20

īkṣate⁶= One sees; sarvabhūteṣu¹ = all beings; [in] ekam³ = One; avyayam⁵ = imperishable; bhāvam⁴ = Being; yena² = by which; [that Being remains] avibhaktam⁷ = undivided; vibhakteṣu⁸ = in the divided; viddhi¹¹ = know; tat⁹ = that; jñānam¹⁰ = knowledge; [is] sāttvikam¹² = goodness.18.20

18.20: That is knowledge, by which “One” Being is seen in all beings as the Imperishable and the Undivided in the divided. Know that knowledge is Sattva.

पृथक्त्वेन तु यज्ज्ञानं नानाभावान्पृथग्विधान् ।

वेत्ति सर्वेषु भूतेषु तज्ज्ञानं विद्धि राजसम् ॥१८- २१॥

pṛthaktvena tu yaj jñānaṁ nānābhāvān pṛthagvidhān
vetti sarveṣu bhūteṣu taj jñānaṁ viddhi rājasam 18.21

pṛthaktvena¹ tu² yat³ jñānam⁴ nānā-bhāvān⁵ pṛthagvidhān⁶
vetti⁷ sarveṣu⁸ bhūteṣu⁹ tat¹⁰ jñānam¹¹ viddhi¹² rājasam¹³ 18.21

tu² = But; jñānam⁴ = knowledge; yat³ = which; vetti⁷ = knows or sees; sarveṣu⁸ = among all; bhūteṣu⁹ = beings; pṛthaktvena¹ = because of separateness or individuality; nānā-bhāvān⁵ = distinct nature; [and] pṛthagvidhān⁶= diverse condition; viddhi¹² = know; tat¹⁰ = that; jñānam¹¹ = knowledge; [comes] rājasam¹³ = from Rajas.18.21 Rajas: The principle of motion, activity and disharmony constituent of Prakrti.

18.21: The knowledge by which one sees manifold divisions among all beings because of their separateness (individuality), distinct nature and diverse condition, know that knowledge is Rajas. (We are all one.)

यत्तु कृत्स्नवदेकस्मिन्कार्ये सक्तमहैतुकम् ।

अतत्त्वार्थवदल्पं च तत्तामसमुदाहृतम् ॥१८- २२॥

yat tu kṛtsnavad ekasmin kārye saktam ahetukam
atattvārthavad alpaṁ ca tat tāmasam udāhṛtam 18.22

yat¹ tu² kṛtsnavat³ ekasmin⁴ kārye⁵ saktam⁶ ahaitukam⁷
a-tattva-artha-vat⁸ alpam⁹ ca¹⁰ tat¹¹ tāmasam¹² udāhṛtam¹³ 18.22

tu² = But; tat¹¹ = that; udāhṛtam¹³ = is said to be; tāmasam¹² = of the nature of Tamas; yat¹ = which is; saktam⁶ = clinging/attached; ekasmin⁴ = to one; kārye⁵ = act; kṛtsnavat³ = as if it were the whole; ahaitukam⁷= without regard to the cause; ca¹⁰ = and; a-tattva-artha-vat⁸= without regard to knowledge of the Reality or Truth; [and therefore] alpam⁹ = is frivolous. 18.22

18.22: Tamas holds to a single act as if it were the whole, without regard to the cause, and knowledge of the Reality or Truth and therefore, is frivolous.

नियतं सङ्गरहितमरागद्वेषतः कृतम् ।

अफलप्रेप्सुना कर्म यत्तत्सात्त्विकमुच्यते ॥१८- २३॥

niyataṁ saṅgarahitam arāgadveṣataḥ kṛtam
aphalaprepsunā karma yat tat sāttvikam ucyate 18.23

niyatam¹ saṅga-rahitam² arāga-dveṣataḥ³ kṛtam⁴
aphala-prepsunā⁵ karma⁶ yat⁷ tat⁸ sāttvikam⁹ ucyate¹⁰ 18.23

tat⁸ = That; karma⁶ = action; yat⁷ = which; kṛtam⁴= is performed; [as] niyatam¹ = obligation; saṅga-rahitam² = free from attachment; arāga-dveṣataḥ³= without love or hatred; aphala-prepsunā⁵ = by one without attachment to fruits; ucyate¹⁰ = is called; sāttvikam⁹ = Sattva.18.23 Sattva = goodness.

18.23: That action, which is performed as duty or obligation, without love, hatred, or desire, by one without attachment to its fruits, is called Sattva.

यत्तु कामेप्सुना कर्म साहंकारेण वा पुनः ।

क्रियते बहुलायासं तद्राजसमुदाहृतम् ॥१८- २४॥

yat tu kāmepsunā karma sāhaṁkāreṇa vā punaḥ
kriyate bahulāyāsaṁ tad rājasam udāhṛtam 18.24

yat¹ tu² kāmepsunā³ karma⁴ sa-ahaṅkāreṇa⁵ vā⁶ punaḥ⁷
kriyate⁸ bahula-āyāsam⁹ tat¹⁰ rājasam¹¹ udāhṛtam¹² 18.24

tu² = But; karma⁴ = action; yat¹ = which; kriyate⁸ = is done; kāmepsunā³ = by one attached to fruits; [and] sa-ahaṅkāreṇa⁵ = an egoistic person; vā⁶ = or; punaḥ⁷= again; bahula-āyāsam⁹ = with extraordinary effort; tat¹⁰ = that; udāhṛtam¹² = is declared to be; rājasam¹¹ = imbued with Rajas. 18.24

18.24: Action, which is performed with a desire to enjoy the fruits, and is prompted by ego and an extraordinary effort , is considered Rajasic.

अनुबन्धं क्षयं हिंसामनवेक्ष्य च पौरुषम् ।

मोहादारभ्यते कर्म यत्तत्तामसमुच्यते ॥१८- २५॥

anubandhaṁ kṣayaṁ hiṁsām anapekṣya ca pauruṣam
mohād ārabhyate karma yat tat tāmasam ucyate 18.25

anubandham¹ kṣayam² hiṁsām³ anapekṣya⁴ ca⁵ pauruṣam⁶
mohāt⁷ ārabhyate⁸ karma⁹ yat¹⁰ tat¹¹ tāmasam¹² ucyate¹³ 18.25

tat¹¹ =That; karma⁹ = work; yat¹⁰ = which; ārabhyate⁸ = is undertaken; mohāt⁷ = with delusion; anapekṣya⁴ = without regard to; anubandham¹ = bondage/consequence; kṣayam² = loss; hiṁsām³ = injury; ca⁵ = and; pauruṣam⁶= capability; ucyate¹³ = is regarded; tāmasam¹² = Tamas.18.25

18.25: Work that is undertaken with delusion, and without regard to consequence, loss, injury, and ability, is said to be Tamasic. Tamas = darkness, ignorance.

मुक्तसङ्गोऽनहंवादी धृत्युत्साहसमन्वितः ।

सिद्ध्यसिद्ध्योर्निर्विकारः कर्ता सात्त्विक उच्यते ॥१८- २६॥

muktasaṅgonahaṁvādī dhṛtyutsāhasamanvitaḥ
siddhyasiddhyor nirvikāraḥ kartā sāttvika ucyate 18.26

muktasaṅgaḥ¹ anahaṁvādī² dhṛti-yutsāha-samanvitaḥ³
siddhi-asiddhyoḥ⁴ nirvikāraḥ⁵ kartā⁶ sāttvika⁷ ucyate⁸ 18.26

kartā⁶ = The doer/agent; [who] muktasaṅgaḥ¹ = is liberated from attachment; anahaṁvādī² = is not egoistic in speech; dhṛti-yutsāha-samanvitaḥ³ = is endowed with determination and enthusiasm; [and] nirvikāraḥ⁵ = is unaffected by; siddhi-asiddhyoḥ⁴ = success and failure; ucyate⁸ = is said to be; sāttvika⁷ = imbued with Sattva. 18.26

18.26: The doer or agent, who is unattached, not egoistic in speech, endowed with determination and enthusiasm, and unaffected by success or failure, is said to be sattvic. Sattva = Virtue and goodness.

रागी कर्मफलप्रेप्सुर्लुब्धो हिंसात्मकोऽशुचिः ।

हर्षशोकान्वितः कर्ता राजसः परिकीर्तितः ॥१८- २७॥

rāgī karmaphalaprepsur lubdho hiṁsātmakośuciḥ
harṣaśokānvitaḥ kartā rājasaḥ parikīrtitaḥ 18.27

rāgī¹ karma-phala-prepsuḥ² lubdhaḥ³ hiṁsa-ātmakaḥ⁴ aśuciḥ⁵
harṣa-śoka-anvitaḥ⁶ kartā⁷ rājasaḥ⁸ parikīrtitaḥ⁹ 18.27

kartā⁷ =The doer/agent; rāgī¹ = who is attached; karma-phala-prepsuḥ² = who desires for fruits of actions; [is] lubdhaḥ³ = greedy; hiṁsa-ātmakaḥ⁴= injurious by nature; aśuciḥ⁵= impure/unclean; [and] harṣa-śoka-anvitaḥ⁶ = who is subject to joy and sorrow; parikīrtitaḥ⁹ = is proclaimed to be; rājasaḥ⁸ = imbued with Rajas .18.27 Rajas = motion and passion.

18.27: The doer, who is passionate and desires fruits of actions; who is greedy, injurious by nature, and impure; and who is subject to joy and sorrow, is proclaimed to be Rajasic.

अयुक्तः प्राकृतः स्तब्धः शठो नैष्कृतिकोऽलसः ।

विषादी दीर्घसूत्री च कर्ता तामस उच्यते ॥१८- २८॥

ayuktaḥ prākṛtaḥ stabdhaḥ śaṭhao naiṣkṛtikolasaḥ
viṣādī dīrghasūtrī ca kartā tāmasa ucyate 18.28

ayuktaḥ¹ prākṛtaḥ² stabdhaḥ³ śaṭhaḥ⁴ naiṣkṛtikaḥ⁵ alasaḥ⁶
viṣādī⁷ dīrghasūtrī⁸ ca⁹ kartā¹⁰ tāmasa¹¹ ucyate¹² 18.28

kartā¹⁰ = Doer/agent; [who] ayuktaḥ¹ = is unbalanced; prākṛtaḥ² = uncultivated; stabdhaḥ³ = stubborn; śaṭhaḥ⁴ = deceitful; naiṣkṛtikaḥ⁵ = usurping; alasaḥ⁶= lazy; viṣādī⁷ = despondent; ca⁹ = and; dīrghasūtrī⁸ = procrastinating; ucyate¹² = is said to be; tāmasa¹¹ = imbued with Tamas.18.28

18.28: The doer, who is unbalanced, uncultivated, obstinate, deceitful, usurping, lazy, despondent, and procrastinating, is said to be Tamasic.

बुद्धेर्भेदं धृतेश्चैव गुणतस्त्रिविधं शृणु ।

प्रोच्यमानमशेषेण पृथक्त्वेन धनंजय ॥१८- २९॥

buddher bhedaṁ dhṛteś caiva guṇatas trividhaṁ śṛṇu
procyamānam aśeṣeṇa pṛthaktvena dhanaṁjaya 18.29

buddheḥ¹ bhedam² dhṛteḥ³ ca⁴ eva⁵ guṇataḥ⁶ trividham⁷ śṛṇu⁸
procyamānam⁹ aśeṣeṇa¹⁰ pṛthaktvena¹¹ dhanañjaya¹² 18.29

śṛṇu⁸= Hear; trividham⁷ = the three kinds; [of] bhedam² = differences; buddheḥ¹ = of intellect; ca⁴ = and; dhṛteḥ³ = of steadiness; eva⁵ = indeed; guṇataḥ⁶ = according to the Gunas; procyamānam⁹ = that being said; aśeṣeṇa¹⁰ = fully; [and] pṛthaktvena¹¹ = severally; dhanañjaya¹² = O Dhananjaya. 18.29

18.29: Hear the three kinds of differences in intellect and steadiness explained fully and severally according to the gunas, O Dhananjaya.

प्रवृत्तिं च निवृत्तिं च कार्याकार्ये भयाभये ।

बन्धं मोक्षं च या वेत्ति बुद्धिः सा पार्थ सात्त्विकी ॥१८- ३०॥

pravṛttiṁ ca nivṛttiṁ ca kāryākārye bhayābhaye
bandhaṁ mokṣaṁ ca yā vetti buddhiḥ sā pārtha sāttvikī 18.30

pravṛttim¹ ca² nivṛttim³ ca⁴ kārya-ākārye⁵ bhaya-abhaye⁶
bandham⁷ mokṣam⁸ ca⁹ yā¹⁰ vetti¹¹ buddhiḥ¹² sā¹³ pārtha¹⁴ sāttvikī¹⁵ 18.30

buddhiḥ¹² = Intellect;yā¹⁰ = by which;[ one] vetti¹¹ = knows; pravṛttim¹ = Pravrrti Marga; ca² = and; nivṛttim³ = Nivrrti Marga; ca⁴ = and; kārya-ākārye⁵ = duty and unduteousness; bhaya-abhaye⁶ = fear and fearlessness; bandham⁷ = bondage; ca⁹ = and; mokṣam⁸ = liberation: sā¹³ = that [Buddhi]; pārtha¹⁴ = O Partha; sāttvikī¹⁵ = is imbued with Sattva.18.30. Sattva = virtue and goodness. kārya-ākārye⁵= right action and wrong action; 'enjoined and prohibited action'. (Sankara). pravṛttim¹ = Path of worldly action; nivṛttim³ = Path of spirituality or renunciation, the path that leads through unfolding back to the spiritual worlds; often called the path of light or luminous arc. (Theosophical dictionary)

18.30: Buddhi, by which one knows action and non-action (renunciation), what should be done and what should not be done, fear and fearlessness, bondage and liberation, O Partha, is sattvic.

यया धर्ममधर्मं च कार्यं चाकार्यमेव च ।

अयथावत्प्रजानाति बुद्धिः सा पार्थ राजसी ॥१८- ३१॥

yayā dharmam adharmaṁ ca kāryaṁ cākāryam eva ca
ayathāvat prajānāti buddhiḥ sā pārtha rājasī 18.31

yayā¹ dharmam² adharmam³ ca⁴ kāryam⁵ ca⁶ akāryam⁶ eva⁷ ca⁸
ayathāvat⁹ prajānāti¹⁰ buddhiḥ¹¹ sā¹² pārtha¹³ rājasī¹⁴ 18.31

buddhiḥ¹¹ = Intellect; yayā¹ = by which; prajānāti¹⁰ = it knows; ayathāvat⁹ = imperfectly/wrongly; dharmam² = virtue; ca⁴ = and; adharmam³ = vice; ca⁶ = and; kāryam⁵ = permitted action; eva⁷ ca⁸= as also; akāryam⁶ = prohibited action: sā¹² = that [intellect]; pārtha¹³ = O Partha; rājasī¹⁴ = is imbued with Rajas.18.31 Rajas = passion and motion.

18.31: Buddhi, by which it knows imperfectly dharmam and adharmam, what should be done and what should not be done, is Rajasic, O Partha.

अधर्मं धर्ममिति या मन्यते तमसावृता ।

सर्वार्थान्विपरीतांश्च बुद्धिः सा पार्थ तामसी ॥१८- ३२॥

adharmaṁ dharmam iti yā manyate tamasāvṛtā
sarvārthān viparītāñś ca buddhiḥ sā pārtha tāmasī 18.32

adharmam¹ dharmam² iti³ yā⁴ manyate⁵ tamasā⁶ āvṛtā⁷
sarva-arthān⁸ viparītāñ⁹ ca¹⁰ buddhiḥ¹¹ sā¹² pārtha¹³ tāmasī¹⁴ 18.32

buddhiḥ¹¹ = Intellect; yā⁴ = which; manyate⁵ = thinks; adharmam¹ = vice; iti³ = thus; [as] dharmam² = virtue; āvṛtā⁷= is covered; tamasā⁶ = by darkness or ignorance; ca¹⁰ = and; [sees] sarva-arthān⁸ = all objects; viparītāñ⁹ = contrary [to truth]: sā¹² = that [intellect]; pārtha¹³ = O Partha; tāmasī¹⁴ = is imbued with Tamas.18.32

18.32: Tamasic Buddhi, covered by ignorance, thinks Adharmam (vice) as Dharmam (virtue), and sees all things contrary to their real nature, O Partha.

धृत्या यया धारयते मनःप्राणेन्द्रियक्रियाः ।

योगेनाव्यभिचारिण्या धृतिः सा पार्थ सात्त्विकी ॥१८- ३३॥

dhṛtyā yayā dhārayate manaḥprāṇendriyakriyāḥ
yogenāvyabhicāriṇyā dhṛtiḥ sā pārtha sāttvikī 18.33

dhṛtyā¹ yayā² dhārayate³ manaḥ⁴ prāṇa⁵ indriya⁶ kriyāḥ⁷
yogena⁸ avyabhicāriṇyā⁹ dhṛtiḥ¹⁰ sā¹¹ pārtha¹² sāttvikī¹³ 18.33

avyabhicāriṇyā⁹ = Unswerving, unfailing; dhṛtyā¹ = determination; yayā² = by which; dhārayate³ = one controls; manaḥ⁴ prāṇa⁵ indriya⁶ kriyāḥ⁷= actions⁷ of mind⁴, breath⁵ and sense organs⁶; yogena⁸ = by Yoga: sā¹¹ = that; dhṛtiḥ¹⁰ = firmness; pārtha¹² = O Partha; sāttvikī¹³ = is imbued with Sattva.18.33

18.33: The unswerving determination, by which one controls and steadies the mind, the life-breaths, and the activities of the senses by yoga (meditation)-- that firmness-- O Partha, is sattvic.

यया तु धर्मकामार्थान्धृत्या धारयतेऽर्जुन ।

प्रसङ्गेन फलाकाङ्क्षी धृतिः सा पार्थ राजसी ॥१८- ३४॥

yayā tu dharmakāmārthān dhṛtyā dhārayaterjuna
prasaṅgena phalākāṅkṣī dhṛtiḥ sā pārtha rājasī 18.34

yayā¹ tu² dharma-kāma-arthān³ dhṛtyā⁴ dhārayate⁵ arjuna⁶
prasaṅgena⁷ phala-ākāṅkṣī⁸ dhṛtiḥ⁹ sā¹⁰ pārtha¹¹ rājasī¹² 18.34

arjuna⁶= O Arjuna; tu² = but; dhṛtyā⁴ = determination; yayā¹ = by which; [one] dhārayate⁵ = holds fast; dharma-kāma-arthān³ = duty, desire and wealth; prasaṅgena⁷ = with attachment; phala-ākāṅkṣī⁸= desirous of fruits:; sā¹⁰ = that; dhṛtiḥ⁹ = determination; pārtha¹¹ = O Partha; rājasī¹² = is imbued with Rajas.18.34

18.34: The determination, by which one holds fast to Dharma, Kāma, and Artha (duty, desire and wealth) with attachment to desires of fruit O Partha, is Rajasic.

यया स्वप्नं भयं शोकं विषादं मदमेव च ।

न विमुञ्चति दुर्मेधा धृतिः सा पार्थ तामसी ॥१८- ३५॥

yayā svapnaṁ bhayaṁ śokaṁ viṣādaṁ madam eva ca
na vimuñcati durmedhā dhṛtiḥ sā pārtha tāmasī 18.35

yayā¹ svapnam² bhayam³ śokam⁴ viṣādam⁵ madam⁷ eva⁸ ca⁹
na¹⁰ vimuñcati¹¹ durmedhā¹² dhṛtiḥ¹³ sā¹⁴ pārtha¹⁵ tāmasī¹⁶ 18.35

dhṛtiḥ¹³ = Determination; yayā¹ = by which; durmedhā¹² = a fool; na¹⁰ = never; vimuñcati¹¹ = gives up; svapnam² = dream; bhayam³ = fear; śokam⁴ = grief; viṣādam⁵ = despondence; ca⁹= and; madam⁷ = conceit: eva⁸ = indeed; sā¹⁴ = that [determination]; pārtha¹⁵ = O partha; tāmasī¹⁶ = is imbued with Tamas.18.35

18.35: The determination by which a fool never gives up dream, fear, grief, despondence, and conceit or arrogance, O Partha, is Tamasic.

सुखं त्विदानीं त्रिविधं शृणु मे भरतर्षभ ।

अभ्यासाद्रमते यत्र दुःखान्तं च निगच्छति ॥१८- ३६॥

sukhaṁ tv idānīṁ trividhaṁ śṛṇu me bharatarṣabha
abhyāsād ramate yatra duḥkhāntaṁ ca nigacchhati 18.36

sukham¹ tu² idānīm³ trividham⁴ śṛṇu⁵ me⁶ bharatarṣabha⁷
abhyāsāt⁸ ramate⁹ yatra¹⁰ duḥkhāntam¹¹ ca¹² nigacchhati¹³ 18.36

tu² = But; idānīm³ = now; śṛṇu⁵ = hear; me⁶ = from Me; bharatarṣabha⁷= O the Best of Bharatas; sukham¹ = happiness; [is of] trividham⁴ = three kinds; yatra¹⁰ = which; ramate⁹ = one enjoys; abhyāsāt⁸ = by practice; ca¹² = and; nigacchhati¹³ = attains; duḥkhāntam¹¹ = end of suffering. 18.36

18.36: And now hear from Me, O Best among Bharatas, the three kinds of happiness, which one enjoys by practice and by which he reaches the end of suffering.

यत्तदग्रे विषमिव परिणामेऽमृतोपमम् ।

तत्सुखं सात्त्विकं प्रोक्तमात्मबुद्धिप्रसादजम् ॥१८- ३७॥

yat tadagre viṣam iva pariṇāmemṛtopamam
tat sukhaṁ sāttvikaṁ proktam ātmabuddhiprasādajam 18.37

yat¹ tat² agre³ viṣam⁴ iva⁵ pariṇāme⁶ amṛta⁷ upamam⁸
tat⁹ sukham¹⁰ sāttvikam¹¹ proktam¹² ātma-buddhi-prasādajam¹³ 18.37

tat² = That; sukham¹⁰ = happiness; yat¹ = which; [is] iva⁵ = like; viṣam⁴ = poison; agre³ = at the outset; [and] pariṇāme⁶ = at the end; upamam⁸= comparable to; amṛta⁷ = nectar: tat⁹ = that [happiness]; sāttvikam¹¹ = imbued with Sattva; proktam¹² = is said; ātma-buddhi-prasādajam¹³ = to arise from the Grace of the intellect of the Self. 18.37

18.37: That happiness, which is like the poison at the beginning and nectar at the end, comes from Atma buddhi and is sattvic.

विषयेन्द्रियसंयोगाद्यत्तदग्रेऽमृतोपमम् ।

परिणामे विषमिव तत्सुखं राजसं स्मृतम् ॥१८- ३८॥

viṣayendriyasañyogād yat tad agremṛtopamam
pariṇāme viṣam iva tat sukhaṁ rājasaṁ smṛtam 18.38

viṣaya¹ indriya² saṁyogāt³ yat⁴ tat⁵ agre⁶ amṛtopamam⁷
pariṇāme⁸ viṣam⁹ iva¹⁰ tat¹¹ sukham¹² rājasam¹³ smṛtam¹⁴ 18.38

tat⁵ = That; sukham¹² = happiness; yat⁴ = which; [arises from] viṣaya¹ indriya² saṁyogāt³= contact³ between sense organs² and objects of the senses¹; [is] amṛtopamam⁷= like ambrosia; agre⁶ = at the outset; [and] iva¹⁰ = like; viṣam⁹ = poison; pariṇāme⁸ = at the end: tat¹¹ = that [happiness]; smṛtam¹⁴ = is said to be; rājasam¹³ = imbued with Rajas.18.38

18.38: The happiness, which comes from the contact of objects of senses with the senses, is nectar at the beginning and poison at the end, and is known as Rajasic.

यदग्रे चानुबन्धे च सुखं मोहनमात्मनः ।

निद्रालस्यप्रमादोत्थं तत्तामसमुदाहृतम् ॥१८- ३९॥

yad agre cānubandhe ca sukhaṁ mohanam ātmanaḥ
nidrālasyapramādotthaṁ tat tāmasam udāhṛtam 18.39

yat¹ agre² ca³ anubandhe⁴ ca⁵ sukham⁶ mohanam⁷ ātmanaḥ⁸
nidrā⁹ ālasya¹⁰ pramāda¹¹ uttham¹² tat¹³ tāmasam¹⁴ udāhṛtam¹⁵ 18.39

tat¹³ = That; sukham⁶ = happiness; yat¹ = which; [is] mohanam⁷ = delusive; ātmanaḥ⁸= of the self; agre² = in the beginning; ca³ = and; anubandhe⁴ = at the end; [which] uttham¹² = rises; [from] nidrā⁹ = sleep; ālasya¹⁰ = laziness; ca⁵ = and; pramāda¹¹ = negligence; udāhṛtam¹⁵ = is declared to be; tāmasam¹⁴ = imbued with Tamas.18.39

18.39: That happiness, which deludes the atman in the beginning and at the end and which comes from sleep, laziness, and negligence, is said to be Tamasic.

न तदस्ति पृथिव्यां वा दिवि देवेषु वा पुनः ।

सत्त्वं प्रकृतिजैर्मुक्तं यदेभिः स्यात्त्रिभिर्गुणैः ॥१८- ४०॥

na tad asti pṛthivyāṁ vā divi deveṣu vā punaḥ
sattvaṁ prakṛtijair muktaṁ yad ebhiḥ syāt tribhir guṇaiḥ 18.40

na¹ tat² asti³ pṛthivyām⁴ vā⁵ divi⁶ deveṣu⁷ vā⁸ punaḥ⁹
sattvam¹⁰ prakṛti^-jaiḥ¹¹ muktam¹² yat¹³ ebhiḥ¹⁴ syāt¹⁵ tribhiḥ¹⁶ guṇaiḥ¹⁷ 18.40

asti³ = There is; na¹ = no; tat² = such; sattvam¹⁰ = being or entity; pṛthivyām⁴ = on earth; vā⁵ = or; divi⁶ = in heaven; vā⁸ = or; punaḥ⁹= again; deveṣu⁷ = among the gods; yat¹³ = who/which; syāt¹⁵ = is/can be; muktam¹² = free; ebhiḥ¹⁴ = from these; tribhiḥ¹⁶ = three; guṇaiḥ¹⁷ = Gunas; prakṛti^-jaiḥ¹¹ = born of Nature.18.40

18.40: There is no being either on earth or in heaven or among the gods, who is free from the three modes of Gunas born of Prakrti.

ब्राह्मणक्षत्रियविशां शूद्राणां च परन्तप ।

कर्माणि प्रविभक्तानि स्वभावप्रभवैर्गुणैः ॥१८- ४१॥

brāhmaṇakṣatriyaviśāṁ śūdrāṇāṁ ca paraṁtapa
karmāṇi pravibhaktāni svabhāvaprabhavair guṇaiḥ 18.41

brāhmaṇa-kṣatriya-viśām-śūdrāṇām-ca¹ parantapa²-

karmāṇi³ pravibhaktāni⁴ svabhāva-prabhavaiḥ⁵ guṇaiḥ⁶ 18.41

parantapa²= O Parantapa; brāhmaṇa^1A-kṣatriya^1B-viśām^1C-ca^1D^-śūdrāṇām^1E= of the Brahmanas^1A, Ksatriyas^1B, Vaisyas^1C, and^1D Sudras^1E: karmāṇi³ = their activities; pravibhaktāni⁴ = are separated/distinguished; [according to] guṇaiḥ⁶ = Gunas; svabhāva-prabhavaiḥ⁵ = born of their own inherent disposition.18.41

18.41: Brāhmana, Kshatriya, Vaishya and Sūdra, O Parantapa, and their activities are divided according to the Gunas born of their own nature.

शमो दमस्तपः शौचं क्षान्तिरार्जवमेव च ।

ज्ञानं विज्ञानमास्तिक्यं ब्रह्मकर्म स्वभावजम् ॥१८- ४२॥

śamao damas tapaḥ śaucaṁ kṣāntir ārjavam eva ca
jñānaṁ vijñānam āstikyaṁ brahmakarma svabhāvajam 18.42

śamaḥ¹ damaḥ² tapaḥ³ śaucam⁴ kṣāntiḥ⁵ ārjavam⁶ eva⁷ ca⁸
jñānam⁹ vijñānam¹⁰ āstikyam¹¹ brahma-karma¹² svabhāvajam¹³ 18.42

śamaḥ¹ damaḥ² tapaḥ³ śaucam⁴ kṣāntiḥ⁵ ārjavam⁶ jñānam⁹ vijñānam¹⁰ ca⁸eva⁷ āstikyam¹¹ = Tranquility¹, self-control², austerity³, purity⁴, patience⁵, honesty⁶, knowledge⁹, wisdom¹⁰, and⁸ indeed⁷ belief in God¹¹; [are] brahma-karma¹² = duty of Brahmana; svabhāvajam¹³ = born of his innate disposition. 18.42

18.42: Tranquillity, self-control, austerity, purity, patience, honesty, knowledge, wisdom, and belief in God are the duty of the Brāhmana born of his inherent disposition (karma SvA-bhAva-jam)

शौर्यं तेजो धृतिर्दाक्ष्यं युद्धे चाप्यपलायनम् ।

दानमीश्वरभावश्च क्षात्रं कर्म स्वभावजम् ॥१८- ४३॥

śauryaṁ tejo dhṛtir dākṣyaṁ yuddhe cāpy apalāyanam
dānam īśvarabhāvaś ca kṣātraṁ karma svabhāvajam 18.43

śauryam¹ tejaḥ² dhṛtiḥ³ dākṣyam⁴ yuddhe⁵ ca⁶ api⁷ apalāyanam⁸
dānam⁹ īśvarabhāvaḥ¹⁰ ca¹¹ kṣātram¹² karma¹³ svabhāvajam¹⁴ 18.43

śauryam¹ = Heroism; tejaḥ² = boldness; dhṛtiḥ³ = determination; dākṣyam⁴ = skill; ca⁶ = and; api⁷ = also; apalāyanam⁸= not running away; yuddhe⁵ = from battle; dānam⁹ = generosity; ca¹¹ = and; īśvarabhāvaḥ¹⁰ = lordliness; [are] karma¹³ = the duty; kṣātram¹² = of a Ksatriya; svabhāvajam¹⁴ = born of his inherent disposition.18.43

18.43: Heroism, boldness, determination, skill, not fleeing from the battle, generosity, and lordliness are the duty of Kshatriya born of his inherent disposition or becoming.

कृषिगौरक्ष्यवाणिज्यं वैश्यकर्म स्वभावजम् ।

परिचर्यात्मकं कर्म शूद्रस्यापि स्वभावजम् ॥१८- ४४॥

kṛṣigaurakṣyavāṇijyaṁ vaiśyakarma svabhāvajam
paricaryātmakaṁ karma śūdrasyāpi svabhāvajam 18.44

kṛṣi-gaurakṣya-vāṇijyam¹ vaiśya-karma² svabhāvajam³
paricaryātmakam⁴ karma⁵ śūdrasya⁶ api⁷ svabhāvajam⁸ 18.44

kṛṣi-gaurakṣya-vāṇijyam¹ = Cultivation, cow protection, and trade; vaiśya-karma² = duties of Vaisya; [are] svabhāvajam³= born of his own nature; paricaryātmakam⁴ = the nature of service; [and] karma⁵ = duty; śūdrasya⁶ = of the Sudra; api⁷ = also; [are] svabhāva-jam⁸ = born of his own inherent disposition. 18.44

18.44: Cultivation, cow protection, and trade are the duty of Vaishya, born of his own (Vaishya) nature. Duty of Sudra is of the nature of service (to other three), born of his own inherent disposition. (Cow protection is rearing of cattle.)

स्वे स्वे कर्मण्यभिरतः संसिद्धिं लभते नरः ।

स्वकर्मनिरतः सिद्धिं यथा विन्दति तच्छृणु ॥१८- ४५॥

sve sve karmaṇy abhirataḥ saṁsiddhiṁ labhate naraḥ
svakarmanirataḥ siddhiṁ yathā vindati tac chṛṇu 18.45

sve sve¹ karmaṇi² abhirataḥ³ saṁsiddhim⁴ labhate⁵ naraḥ⁶
sva-karma-nirataḥ⁷ siddhim⁸ yathā⁹ vindati¹⁰ tat¹¹ śṛṇu¹² 18.45

abhirataḥ³ = Devoted to; sve sve¹ = one's own; karmaṇi² = duty; naraḥ⁶= man; labhate⁵ = attains; saṁsiddhim⁴ = perfection. śṛṇu¹² = Hear; yathā⁹ = as; [to how] sva-karma-nirataḥ⁷ = one engaged in his own duty; vindati¹⁰ = attains/achieves; tat¹¹ = that; siddhim⁸ = success.18.45

18.45: Devoted to his own duty, man attains perfection. Hear now as to how one engaged in his own duty attains perfection/success.

यतः प्रवृत्तिर्भूतानां येन सर्वमिदं ततम् ।

स्वकर्मणा तमभ्यर्च्य सिद्धिं विन्दति मानवः ॥१८- ४६॥

yataḥ pravṛttir bhūtānāṁ yena sarvam idaṁ tatam
svakarmaṇā tam abhyarcya siddhiṁ vindati mānavaḥ 18.46

yataḥ¹ pravṛttiḥ² bhūtānām³ yena⁴ sarvam⁵ idam⁶ tatam⁷
svakarmaṇā⁸ tam⁹ abhyarcya¹⁰ siddhim¹¹ vindati¹² mānavaḥ¹³ 18.46

[By doing] svakarmaṇā⁸ = his own duties; [and] abhyarcya¹⁰ = by worshipping; tam⁹ = Him; yataḥ¹ = from whom; pravṛttiḥ² = manifestation; [of] bhūtānām³ = all beings; [arises] yena⁴ = by whom; sarvam⁵ = all; idam⁶ = this; tatam⁷= is pervaded; mānavaḥ¹³ = a man; vindati¹² = attains; siddhim¹¹ = perfection/success.18.46

18.46: By worshipping Him, from Whom all beings arise, and Who pervades all this, and by doing his own duties, man attains perfection.

श्रेयान्स्वधर्मो विगुणः परधर्मात्स्वनुष्ठितात् ।

स्वभावनियतं कर्म कुर्वन्नाप्नोति किल्बिषम् ॥१८- ४७॥

śreyān svadharmo viguṇaḥ paradharmot svanuṣṭhitāt
svabhāvaniyataṁ karma kurvan nāpnoti kilbiṣam 18.47

śreyān¹ svadharmaḥ² viguṇaḥ³ paradharmāt⁴ su-anuṣṭhitāt⁵
svabhāva-niyatam⁶ karma⁷ kurvan⁸ na⁹ āpnoti¹⁰ kilbiṣam¹¹ 18.47

śreyān¹ = Better/superior; svadharmaḥ² = one's own dharma/duty; [though] viguṇaḥ³ = imperfect/deficient; [than] paradharmāt⁴ = dharma of another; su-anuṣṭhitāt⁵ = perfectly done. [By] kurvan⁸ = doing; karma⁷ = duty; svabhāva-niyatam⁶ = according to one's own nature; [one] na⁹ = never; āpnoti¹⁰ = attains/incurs; kilbiṣam¹¹ = sin.18.47

18.47: Better is one's own dharma though imperfectly performed than the dharma of another however perfectly done. By performing one's karma according to one's own nature, one does not incur any sin.

सहजं कर्म कौन्तेय सदोषमपि न त्यजेत् ।

सर्वारम्भा हि दोषेण धूमेनाग्निरिवावृताः ॥१८- ४८॥

sahajaṁ karma kaunteya sadoṣam api na tyajet
sarvārambhā hi doṣeṇa dhūmenāgnir ivāvṛtāḥ 18.48

sahajam¹ karma² kaunteya³ sadoṣam⁴ api⁵ na⁶ tyajet⁷
sarva-ārambhāḥ⁸ hi⁹ doṣeṇa¹⁰ dhūmena¹¹ agniḥ¹² iva¹³ āvṛtāḥ¹⁴ 18.48

kaunteya³ = O son of Kunti; [one should] na⁶ = never; tyajet⁷= abandon/give up; sahajam¹ = natural/innate/inborn; karma² = duty; api⁵ = though; sadoṣam⁴ = defective. sarva-ārambhāḥ⁸ = All endeavors; hi⁹ = indeed; [are afflicted] doṣeṇa¹⁰ = with defects; iva¹³ = as; agniḥ¹² = fire; āvṛtāḥ¹⁴ = is surrounded/covered/enveloped; dhūmena¹¹ = with smoke. 18.48

18.48: One should not give up one’s innate karma, O Kaunteya, though defective. All endeavors are covered with defects as the fire is covered by smoke.

असक्तबुद्धिः सर्वत्र जितात्मा विगतस्पृहः ।

नैष्कर्म्यसिद्धिं परमां संन्यासेनाधिगच्छति ॥१८- ४९॥

asaktabuddhiḥ sarvatra jitātmā vigataspṛhaḥ
naiṣkarmyasiddhiṁ paramāṁ saṁnyāsenādhigacchati 18.49

asakta-buddhiḥ¹ sarvatra² jitātmā³ vigata-spṛhaḥ⁴
naiṣkarmya-siddhim⁵ paramām⁶ sannyāsena⁷ adhigacchati⁸ 18.49

[He whose] asakta-buddhiḥ¹ = Buddhi or intellect is unattached; sarvatra² = everywhere; jitātmā³ = who has control over self; vigata-spṛhaḥ⁴ = whose desires departed; [who attained] naiṣkarmya-siddhim⁵ = perfection of non-action or transcendence of Karma; adhigacchati⁸ = attains; paramām⁶ = the Supreme; sannyāsena⁷ = through renunciation.18.49

18.49. He whose Buddhi is unattached everywhere, who has control over self, whose desires have departed, who has attained perfection of non-action or transcendence of Karma, attains the Supreme through renunciation.

सिद्धिं प्राप्तो यथा ब्रह्म तथाप्नोति निबोध मे ।

समासेनैव कौन्तेय निष्ठा ज्ञानस्य या परा ॥१८- ५०॥

siddhiṁ prāpto yathā brahma tathāpnoti nibodha me
samāsenaiva kaunteya niṣṭhā jñānasya yā parā 18.50

siddhim¹ prāptaḥ² yathā³ brahma⁴ tathā⁵ āpnoti⁶ nibodha⁷ me⁸
samāsena⁹ eva¹⁰ kaunteya¹¹ niṣṭhā¹² jñānasya¹³ yā¹⁴ parā¹⁵ 18.50

nibodha⁷ = Learn; me⁸= from me; samāsena⁹ = briefly; eva¹⁰ = indeed; kaunteya¹¹ = O son of Kunti; prāptaḥ² = having achieved; siddhim¹ = spiritual perfection; [he] yathā³ = as tathā⁵ = by that; āpnoti⁶ = attains; brahma⁴ = Brahman; yā¹⁴ = which; [is] parā¹⁵ = the supreme; niṣṭhā¹² = state; jñānasya¹³ = of knowledge. 18.50

18.50: Learn from Me briefly, O Kaunteya, having achieved perfection, he attains Brahman, which is the supreme state of knowledge.

बुद्ध्या विशुद्ध्या युक्तो धृत्यात्मानं नियम्य च ।

शब्दादीन्विषयांस्त्यक्त्वा रागद्वेषौ व्युदस्य च ॥१८- ५१॥

buddhyā viśuddhayā yukto dhṛtyātmānaṁ niyamya ca
śabdādīn viṣayāṁs tyaktvā rāgadveṣau vyudasya ca 18.51

buddhyā¹ viśuddhayā² yuktaḥ³ dhṛtyā⁴ ātmānam⁵ niyamya⁶ ca⁷
śabdādīn⁸ viṣayān⁹ tyaktvā¹⁰ rāga-dveṣau¹¹ vyudasya¹² ca¹³ 18.51

yuktaḥ³ = Endowed with; viśuddhayā² = pure; buddhyā¹ = intellect; niyamya⁶ = controlling; ātmānam⁵ = the self; [with] dhṛtyā⁴ = steadiness; ca⁷ = and; tyaktvā¹⁰ = giving up/rejecting; viṣayān⁹ = sense objects; śabdādīn⁸ = beginning with sound; ca¹³ = and; vyudasya¹² = casting aside; rāga-dveṣau¹¹ = likes and dislikes... 18.51 continued

18.51: Endowed with purified Buddhi, controlling self with determination, giving up sound, and sense objects, and casting aside likes and dislikes (continued)

विविक्तसेवी लघ्वाशी यतवाक्कायमानसः ।

ध्यानयोगपरो नित्यं वैराग्यं समुपाश्रितः ॥१८- ५२॥

viviktasevī laghvāśī yatavākkāyamānasaḥ
dhyānayogaparo nityaṁ vairāgyaṁ samupāśritaḥ 18.52

vivikta-sevī¹ laghu-āśī² yata³ vāk-kāya-mānasaḥ⁴
dhyāna-yoga-paraḥ⁵ nityam⁶ vairāgyam⁷ samupāśritaḥ⁸ 18.52

vivikta-sevī¹ = living in solitude; laghu-āśī² = eating lightly; yata³ =controlling; vāk-kāya-mānasaḥ⁴ = speech, body, and mind; [engaged] nityam⁶ = always; dhyāna-yoga-paraḥ⁵ = in the highest as in meditation and yoga; samupāśritaḥ⁸ = taking refuge in; vairāgyam⁷ = detachment or dispassion; 18.52 continued...

18.52: Living in solitude, eating lightly, controlling speech, body, and mind, engaged all the time in yoga of meditation, having taken refuge in detachment (continued)

अहंकारं बलं दर्पं कामं क्रोधं परिग्रहम् ।

विमुच्य निर्ममः शान्तो ब्रह्मभूयाय कल्पते ॥१८- ५३॥

ahaṁkāraṁ balaṁ darpaṁ kāmaṁ krodhaṁ
parigraham vimucya nirmamaḥ śānto brahmabhūyāya kalpate 18.53

ahaṅkāram¹ balam² darpam³ kāmam⁴ krodham⁵
parigraham⁶ vimucya⁷ nirmamaḥ⁸ śāntaḥ⁹ brahma-bhūyāya¹⁰ kalpate¹¹ 18.53

vimucya⁷ = giving up; ahaṅkāram¹ = ego; balam² = power; darpam³ = pride; kāmam⁴ = lust; krodham⁵= anger; parigraham⁶ = possession; [exercising] nirmamaḥ⁸ = indifference to a sense of mine; [and upholding] śāntaḥ⁹ = peace; [he] kalpate¹¹ = becomes worthy of; brahma-bhūyāya¹⁰= absorption in Brahman. 18.53

18.53: giving up ego, power, pride, lust and anger, possession, and in perfect indifference to a sense of “mine,” and endowed with peace, he becomes worthy of attaining Brahma-būyāyas (absorption in Brahman).

ब्रह्मभूतः प्रसन्नात्मा न शोचति न काङ्क्षति ।

समः सर्वेषु भूतेषु मद्भक्तिं लभते पराम् ॥१८- ५४॥

brahmabhūtaḥ prasannātmā na śocati na kāṅkṣati
samaḥ sarveṣu bhūteṣu madbhaktiṁ labhate parām 18.54

brahma-bhūtaḥ¹ prasanna-ātmā² na śocati³ na kāṅkṣati⁴
samaḥ⁵ sarveṣu bhūteṣu⁶ madbhaktim⁷ labhate⁸ parām⁹ 18.54

brahma-bhūtaḥ¹ = Being one with Brahman; prasanna-ātmā² = the bliss-self; na śocati³= does neither lament; na kāṅkṣati⁴ = nor desires; [being] samaḥ⁵ = the same; sarveṣu bhūteṣu⁶ = towards all beings; [he] labhate⁸ = gains; parām⁹ = supreme; madbhaktim⁷ = devotion to Me. 18.54

18.54: Being one with Brahman, the tranquil atma neither laments nor desires. Regarding all beings equal, he attains Supreme devotion to Me.

भक्त्या मामभिजानाति यावान्यश्चास्मि तत्त्वतः ।

ततो मां तत्त्वतो ज्ञात्वा विशते तदनन्तरम् ॥१८- ५५॥

bhaktyā mām abhijānāti yāvān yaś cāsmi tattvataḥ
tato māṁ tattvato jñātvā viśate tadanantaram 18.55

bhaktyā¹ mām² abhijānāti³ yāvān⁴ yaḥ⁵ ca⁶ asmi⁷ tattvataḥ⁸
tataḥ⁹ mām¹⁰ tattvataḥ¹¹ jñātvā¹² viśate¹³ tadanantaram¹⁴ 18.55

bhaktyā¹ = Through devotion; mām² = to Me; abhijānāti³ = he knows; tattvataḥ⁸= in truth; yāvān⁴ = what I am; ca⁶ = and; yaḥ⁵ = who; asmi⁷ = I am; tataḥ⁹ = then; jñātvā¹² = knowing; mām¹⁰ = Me; tattvataḥ¹¹ = in truth; viśate¹³ = he enters; [into Me] tadanantaram¹⁴ = after that. 18.55

18.55: Through devotion to Me, he comes to know in Truth who I am, and what My nature is. Knowing Me thus in Truth, he enters into Me after that.

सर्वकर्माण्यपि सदा कुर्वाणो मद्व्यपाश्रयः ।

मत्प्रसादादवाप्नोति शाश्वतं पदमव्ययम् ॥१८- ५६॥

sarvakarmāṇy api sadā kurvāṇo madvyapāśrayaḥ
matprasādād avāpnoti śāśvataṁ padam avyayam 18.56

sarva¹ karmāṇi² api³ sadā⁴ kurvāṇaḥ⁵ madvyapāśrayaḥ⁶
mat-prasādāt⁷ avāpnoti⁸ śāśvatam⁹ padam¹⁰ avyayam¹¹ 18.56

kurvāṇaḥ⁵ api³ = While performing; sarva¹ = all; karmāṇi² = activities; sadā⁴ = all the time; madvyapāśrayaḥ⁶= he who takes refuge in Me; avāpnoti⁸ = attains; śāśvatam⁹ = eternal; avyayam¹¹ = imperishable; padam¹⁰ = abode; mat-prasādāt⁷ = by My Grace.18.56

18.56: While performing all activities all the time, he, who takes refuge in Me, attains the eternal imperishable abode by My grace.

चेतसा सर्वकर्माणि मयि संन्यस्य मत्परः ।

बुद्धियोगमुपाश्रित्य मच्चित्तः सततं भव ॥१८- ५७॥

cetasā sarvakarmāṇi mayi saṁnyasya matparaḥ
buddhiyogam upāśritya maccittaḥ satataṁ bhava 18.57

cetasā¹ sarva-karmāṇi² mayi³ sannyasya⁴ matparaḥ⁵
buddhi-yogam⁶ upāśritya⁷ mat-cittaḥ⁸ satatam⁹ bhava¹⁰ 18.57

cetasā¹ = Mentally; sannyasya⁴ = renouncing; sarva-karmāṇi² = all actions; mayi³ = to Me; upāśritya⁷ = by observing; buddhi-yogam⁶ = concentration with your intellect; [on] matparaḥ⁵= Me as the Supreme; bhava¹⁰ = become such; [by] satatam⁹ = constantly; mat-cittaḥ⁸ = thinking of Me in your mind. 18.57

18.57: Mentally renouncing all actions to Me, and practicing Buddhi-yoga, think of Me in your mind as the Supreme Goal all the time.

मच्चित्तः सर्वदुर्गाणि मत्प्रसादात्तरिष्यसि ।

अथ चेत्त्वमहंकारान्न श्रोष्यसि विनङ्क्ष्यसि ॥१८- ५८॥

maccittaḥ sarvadurgāṇi matprasādat tariṣyasi
atha cet tvam ahaṁkārān na śroṣyasi vinaṅkṣyasi 18.58

maccittaḥ¹ sarva-durgāṇi² mat-prasādat³ tariṣyasi⁴
atha⁵ cet⁶ tvam⁷ ahaṅkārāt⁸ na⁹ śroṣyasi¹⁰ vinaṅkṣyasi¹¹ 18.58

maccittaḥ¹ = Concentrating your mind on Me; tariṣyasi⁴= you will overcome (traverse); sarva-durgāṇi²= all obstacles; mat-prasādat³ = by My Grace; atha⁵ = moreover; cet⁶ = if; tvam⁷ = you; ahaṅkārāt⁸ = because of ego; na⁹ = do not; śroṣyasi¹⁰ = listen; [you] vinaṅkṣyasi¹¹ = will perish.18.58

18.58: Thinking of Me, you will overcome all your difficulties by My grace. However, if you do not listen to Me because of your ego, you will perish.

यदहंकारमाश्रित्य न योत्स्य इति मन्यसे ।

मिथ्यैष व्यवसायस्ते प्रकृतिस्त्वां नियोक्ष्यति ॥१८- ५९॥

yad ahaṁkāram āśritya na yotsya iti manyase
mithyaiṣa vyavasāyas te prakṛtis tvāṁ niyokṣyati 18.59

yat¹ ahaṅkāram² āśritya³ na³ yotsye⁴ iti⁵ manyase⁶
mithya⁷ eṣaḥ⁸ vyavasāyaḥ⁹ te¹⁰ prakṛtiḥ¹¹ tvām¹² niyokṣyati¹³ 18.59

āśritya³ = Taking refuge; [in] yat¹ = that; ahaṅkāram² = ego; manyase⁶= you think; na³ yotsye⁴ = I shall not fight; iti⁵ = thus. eṣaḥ⁸ = This; [is] mithya⁷ = false; vyavasāyaḥ⁹ = determination/decision; te¹⁰ = of yours. prakṛtiḥ¹¹ = [your] nature; niyokṣyati¹³ = will compel; tvām¹² = you [to fight].

18.59: Taking refuge in your ego, you think: “I shall not fight.” Your decision is contrary (to Dharma). Your nature will compel you (to fight).

स्वभावजेन कौन्तेय निबद्धः स्वेन कर्मणा ।

कर्तुं नेच्छसि यन्मोहात्करिष्यस्यवशोऽपि तत् ॥१८- ६०॥

svabhāvajena kaunteya nibaddhaḥ svena karmaṇā
kartuṁ necchasi yan mohāt kariṣyasy avaśopi tat 18.60

svabhāvajena¹ kaunteya² nibaddhaḥ³ svena⁴ karmaṇā⁵
kartum⁶ na⁷ icchasi⁸ yat⁹ mohāt¹⁰ kariṣyasi¹¹ avaśa¹² api¹³ tat¹⁴ 18.60

svabhāvajena¹ = Begotten by your nature; kaunteya² = O Kaunteya; nibaddhaḥ³ = bound; svena⁴ = by your own; karmaṇā⁵= activities; yat⁹ = that which; [you] icchasi⁸ = wish; na⁷ = not; kartum⁶ = to do; [because of] mohāt¹⁰ = delusion: api¹³ = even; tat¹⁴ = that; kariṣyasi¹¹ = you will do; avaśa¹² = against your will.18.60

18.60: Born of your own nature O Kaunteya, bound by your own activities, what you wish not to do because of delusion, you will do even that against your will.

ईश्वरः सर्वभूतानां हृद्देशेऽर्जुन तिष्ठति ।

भ्रामयन्सर्वभूतानि यन्त्रारूढानि मायया ॥१८- ६१॥

īśvaraḥ sarvabhūtānāṁ hṛddeśerjuna tiṣṭhati
bhrāmayan sarvabhūtāni yantrārūḍhāni māyayā 18.61

īśvaraḥ¹ sarva-bhūtānām² hṛt-deśe³ arjuna⁴ tiṣṭhati⁵
bhrāmayan⁶ sarva-bhūtāni⁷ yantra⁸ ārūḍhāni⁹ māyayā¹⁰ 18.61

īśvaraḥ¹ = The Supreme Lord; tiṣṭhati⁵= abides; hṛt-deśe³ = in the place of the heart; sarva-bhūtānām² = of all beings. arjuna⁴ = O Arjuna; [Isvara] bhrāmayan⁶ = spins; sarva-bhūtāni⁷ = all beings; [as if] ārūḍhāni⁹ = mounted on; yantra⁸ = a machine; māyayā¹⁰ = through Maya.18.61

18.61: The Supreme Lord resides within the hearts of all living beings, O Arjuna. By His māyā power, Isvara causes all beings to spin as if they are mounted on a machine (carousel or upright wheel).

तमेव शरणं गच्छ सर्वभावेन भारत ।

तत्प्रसादात्परां शान्तिं स्थानं प्राप्स्यसि शाश्वतम् ॥१८- ६२॥

tam eva śaraṇaṁ gaccha sarvabhāvena bhārata
tatprasādāt parāṁ śāntiṁ sthānaṁ prāpsyasi śāśvatam 18.62

tam¹ eva² śaraṇam³ gaccha⁴ sarva-bhāvena⁵ bhārata⁶
tat-prasādāt⁷ parām⁸ śāntim¹⁹ sthānam¹⁰ prāpsyasi¹¹ śāśvatam¹² 18.62

bhārata⁶= O Scion of Bharata; gaccha⁴ = take; śaraṇam³ = refuge/surrender; tam¹ eva²= in Him; sarva-bhāvena⁵ = with all your being. tat-prasādāt⁷ = By His Grace; prāpsyasi¹¹ = you will attain; parām⁸ = Supreme; śāntim¹⁹ = peace; [and] śāśvatam¹² = eternal; sthānam¹⁰ = abode. 18.62

18.62: Surrender unto Him with all your being, O Bharata; by His grace, your will attain the Supreme peace and eternal abode.

इति ते ज्ञानमाख्यातं गुह्याद्‌गुह्यतरं मया ।

विमृश्यैतदशेषेण यथेच्छसि तथा कुरु ॥१८- ६३॥

iti te jñānam ākhyātaṁ guhyād guhyataraṁ mayā
vimṛśyaitad aśeṣeṇa yathecchasi tathā kuru 18.63

iti¹ te² jñānam³ ākhyātam⁴ guhyāt⁵ guhyataram⁶ mayā⁷
vimṛśya⁸ etat⁹ aśeṣeṇa¹⁰ yatha¹¹ icchasi¹² tathā¹³ kuru¹⁴ 18.63

iti¹ = Thus; jñānam³ = knowledge; guhyataram⁶ = more secret; guhyāt⁵ = than the most secret; ākhyātam⁴ = has been related; te² = to you; mayā⁷= by Me. vimṛśya⁸ = Reflect; etat⁹ = on this; aśeṣeṇa¹⁰ = fully; [and] kuru¹⁴ = do; yatha¹¹ = as; icchasi¹² = you wish; tathā¹³ = likewise. 18.63

18.63: Thus, knowledge that is more secret than the most secret has been related unto you by Me. Reflect on that fully, and then do as you wish.

सर्वगुह्यतमं भूयः शृणु मे परमं वचः ।

इष्टोऽसि मे दृढमिति ततो वक्ष्यामि ते हितम् ॥१८- ६४॥

sarvaguhyatamaṁ bhūyaḥ śṛṇu me paramaṁ vacaḥ
iṣṭosi me dṛḍham iti tato vakṣyāmi te hitam 18.64

sarva-guhya-tamam¹ bhūyaḥ² śṛṇu³ me⁴ paramam⁵ vacaḥ⁶
iṣṭaḥ⁸ asi⁹ me¹⁰ dṛḍham¹¹ iti¹² tataḥ¹³ vakṣyāmi¹⁴ te¹⁵ hitam¹⁶ 18.64

śṛṇu³ = Hear; me⁴ = from Me; bhūyaḥ² = again; paramam⁵ = the Supreme; vacaḥ⁶= word; sarva-guhya-tamam¹ = the most secret of all: iti¹² = thus; asi⁹ = you are; dṛḍham¹¹ = very; iṣṭaḥ⁸ = dear; me¹⁰ = to Me. tataḥ¹³ = Therefore; vakṣyāmi¹⁴ = I speak; te¹⁵ = to you; [for your] hitam¹⁶ = benefit. 18.64

18.64: Hear from Me the most secret of all, My Supreme word. You are very dear to Me; therefore, I speak to you for your benefit.

मन्मना भव मद्भक्तो मद्याजी मां नमस्कुरु ।

मामेवैष्यसि सत्यं ते प्रतिजाने प्रियोऽसि मे ॥१८- ६५॥

manmanā bhava madbhakto madyājī māṁ namaskuru
mām evaiṣyasi satyaṁ te pratijāne priyosi me 18.65

manmanā¹ bhava² mad-bhaktaḥ³ madyājī⁴ mām⁵ namaskuru⁶
mām⁷ eva⁸ eṣyasi⁹ satyam¹⁰ te¹¹ pratijāne¹² priyaḥ¹³ asi¹⁴ me¹⁵ 18.65

manmanā¹ = Keeping your thoughts on Me; bhava² = become; mad-bhaktaḥ³ = My votary; madyājī⁴ = My sacrificer. namaskuru⁶= Do obeisance; mām⁵ = to Me. mām⁷ = To Me; eva⁸ = indeed; eṣyasi⁹ = you will come. [I] satyam¹⁰ = truly; pratijāne¹² = promise; te¹¹ = to you; asi¹⁴ = you are; priyaḥ¹³ = dear; me¹⁵ = to Me. 18.65

18.65: Think of Me, become My devotee, worship Me, and offer your obeisance to Me. Certainly you will come to Me. I truly promise you that you are dear to Me.

सर्वधर्मान्परित्यज्य मामेकं शरणं व्रज ।

अहं त्वां सर्वपापेभ्यो मोक्षयिष्यामि मा शुचः ॥१८- ६६॥

sarvadharmān parityajya mām ekaṁ śaraṇaṁ vraja
ahaṁ tvā sarvapāpebhyo mokṣyayiṣyāmi mā śucaḥ 18.66

sarva-dharmān¹ parityajya² mām³ ekam⁴ śaraṇam vraja⁵
aham⁶ tvām⁷ sarva-pāpebhyaḥ⁸ mokṣyayiṣyāmi⁹ ma¹⁰ śucaḥ¹¹ 18.66

parityajya² = abandoning; sarva-dharmān¹ = all duties; śaraṇam vraja⁵ = take refuge; mām³ = in Me; ekam⁴ = only/alone . aham⁶ = I; mokṣyayiṣyāmi⁹ = shall deliver; tvā⁷ = you; sarva-pāpebhyaḥ⁸ = from all sins. ma¹⁰ = do not; śucaḥ¹¹ = worry.18.66

18.66: Abandoning all duties, surrender unto Me only. I shall deliver you from all sins. Do not lament.

इदं ते नातपस्काय नाभक्ताय कदाचन ।

न चाशुश्रूषवे वाच्यं न च मां योऽभ्यसूयति ॥१८- ६७॥

idaṁ te nātapaskāya nābhaktāya kadācana
na cāśuśrūṣave vācyaṁ na ca māṁ yobhyasūyati 18.67

idam¹ te² na³ atapaskāya⁴ na⁵ abhaktāya⁶ kadācana⁷
na⁸ ca⁹ aśuśrūṣave¹⁰ vācyam¹¹ na¹² ca¹³ mām¹⁴ yaḥ¹⁵ abhyasūyati¹⁶ 18.67

idam¹ = This; [should] na³ = not; [be divulged or taught] te² = by you: na⁵ = neither; [to] atapaskāya⁴ = one who is not a Tapasvin; ca⁹ = and; na⁸ = nor; [to] abhaktāya⁶ = one who is not a devotee; na¹² = nor; [to] aśuśrūṣave¹⁰ = one who has no desire to listen to; [My] vācyam¹¹ = words; ca¹³ = and; [to] yaḥ = one who; abhyasūyati¹⁶ = speaks ill; mām¹⁴ = of Me; kadācana⁷= at any time. 18.67

18.67: This should never be divulged by you at any time to any one who is not austere, who is not a devotee (of Mine), who is disobedient (not god-obedient), or who speaks ill of Me.

य इमं परमं गुह्यं मद्भक्तेष्वभिधास्यति ।

भक्तिं मयि परां कृत्वा मामेवैष्यत्यसंशयः ॥१८- ६८॥

ya imaṁ paramaṁ guhyaṁ madbhakteṣv abhidhāsyati
bhaktiṁ mayi parāṁ kṛtvā mām evaiṣyaty asaṁśayaḥ 18.68

yaḥ¹ imam² paramam³ guhyam⁴ madbhakteṣu⁵ abhidhāsyati⁶
bhaktim⁷ mayi⁸ parām⁹ kṛtvā¹⁰ mām¹¹ eva¹² eṣyati¹³ asaṁśayaḥ¹⁴ 18.68

yaḥ¹ = He who; abhidhāsyati⁶= teaches; imam² = this; paramam³ = Supreme; guhyam⁴ = Secret; madbhakteṣu⁵ = to My devotees; [is] kṛtvā¹⁰ = doing/offering; parām⁹ = Supreme; bhaktim⁷ = devotion; mayi⁸ = to Me; eṣyati¹³ = attains; mām¹¹ = Me; eva¹² = indeed; asaṁśayaḥ¹⁴ = without any doubt. 18.68

18.68: Anyone who teaches the Supreme secret of Mine to My devotees shall be doing the highest devotional service to Me and will come to Me without doubt.

न च तस्मान्मनुष्येषु कश्चिन्मे प्रियकृत्तमः ।

भविता न च मे तस्मादन्यः प्रियतरो भुवि ॥१८- ६९॥

na ca tasmān manuṣyeṣu kaścin me priyakṛttamaḥ
bhavitā na ca me tasmād anyaḥ priyataro bhuvi 18.69

na¹ ca² tasmāt³ manuṣyeṣu⁴ kaścit⁵ me⁶ priya-kṛt-tamaḥ⁷
bhavitā⁸ na⁹ ca¹⁰ me¹¹ tasmāt¹² anyaḥ¹³ priyataraḥ¹⁴ bhuvi¹⁵ 18.69

ca² = And; [there is] na¹ = no; kaścit⁵ = one; tasmāt³ = other than him; manuṣyeṣu⁴ = among men; priya-kṛt-tamaḥ⁷= dearer; me⁶ = to Me; ca¹⁰ = and; na⁹ = nor; bhavitā⁸ = will there be; anyaḥ¹³ = anyone; priyataraḥ¹⁴ = dearer; me¹¹ = to Me; tasmāt¹² = than him; bhuvi¹⁵ = in the world. 18.69

18.69: There is no one other than him among men who performs a service dearer to Me and nor will there be any one other than him dearer to Me in this world.

अध्येष्यते च य इमं धर्म्यं संवादमावयोः ।

ज्ञानयज्ञेन तेनाहमिष्टः स्यामिति मे मतिः ॥१८- ७०॥

adhyeṣyate ca ya imaṁ dharmyaṁ saṁvādam āvayoḥ
jñānayajñena tenāham iṣṭaḥ syām iti me matiḥ 18.70

adhyeṣyate¹ ca² yaḥ³ imam⁴ dharmyam⁵ saṁvādam⁶ āvayoḥ⁷
jñāna-yajñena⁸ tena⁹ aham¹⁰ iṣṭaḥ¹¹ syām¹² iti¹³ me¹⁴ matiḥ¹⁵ 18.70

ca² = And; yaḥ³ = he who; adhyeṣyate¹ = will learn by study; imam⁴ = this; saṁvādam⁶ = dialogue; āvayoḥ⁷= of us two; dharmyam⁵ = steeped in virtue; aham¹⁰ = I; syām¹² = shall be; iṣṭaḥ¹¹ = worshipped; tena⁹ = by him; jñāna-yajñena⁸ = through sacrifice of knowledge; iti¹³ = thus; [is] me¹⁴ = My; matiḥ¹⁵ = opinion. 18.70

18.70: He, who studies the sacred conversation of ours, steeped in Dharma, will worship Me through the sacrifice of knowledge. This is My opinion.

श्रद्धावाननसूयश्च शृणुयादपि यो नरः ।

सोऽपि मुक्तः शुभाँल्लोकान्प्राप्नुयात्पुण्यकर्मणाम् ॥१८- ७१॥

śraddhāvān anasūyaś ca śṛṇuyād api yo naraḥ
sopi muktaḥ śubhāṁl lokān prāpnuyāt puṇyakarmaṇām 18.71

śraddhāvān¹ anasūyaḥ² ca³ śṛṇuyāt⁴ api⁵ yaḥ⁶ naraḥ⁷
saḥ⁸ api⁹ muktaḥ¹⁰ śubhān¹¹ lokān¹² prāpnuyāt¹³ puṇya-karmaṇām¹⁴ 18.71

śraddhāvān¹ = The faithful; ca³ = and; anasūyaḥ² = the good-willed; naraḥ⁷= man; śṛṇuyāt⁴ = listens; api⁵ = indeed; api⁹ = also; saḥ⁸ = he; yaḥ⁶ = who; [is] muktaḥ¹⁰ = free; prāpnuyāt¹³ = attains; śubhān¹¹ = auspicious; lokān¹² = world; [of] puṇya-karmaṇām¹⁴ = pious Karmics (the pious). 18.71

18.71: The man, who listens with faith and good will (anasūyah), being liberated, attains the auspicious world of the pious karmics.

कच्चिदेतच्छ्रुतं पार्थ त्वयैकाग्रेण चेतसा ।

कच्चिदज्ञानसंमोहः प्रनष्टस्ते धनंजय ॥१८- ७२॥

kaccid etac chrutaṁ pārtha tvayaikāgreṇa cetasā
kaccid ajñānasaṁmohaḥ pranaṣṭas te dhanaṁjaya 18.72

kaccit¹ etat² śrutam³ pārtha⁴ tvayā⁵ ekāgreṇa⁶ cetasā⁷
kaccit⁸ ajñāna¹⁰ saṁmohaḥ¹¹ pranaṣṭaḥ¹² te¹³ dhanañjaya¹⁴ 18.72

pārtha⁴ = O Partha; kaccit¹ = has; etat² = this; śrutam³ = been heard; tvayā⁵ = by you; [with] ekāgreṇa⁶ = one-pointed; cetasā⁷= mind? kaccit⁸ = Has; te¹³ = your; saṁmohaḥ¹¹ = delusion; [born of] ajñāna¹⁰ = ignorance; [been] pranaṣṭaḥ¹² = destroyed; dhanañjaya¹⁴ = O Dhananjaya ?18.72

18.72: O Partha, did you hear this with a (focused) single-minded attention? Has your delusion born of ignorance been destroyed, O Dhananjaya?

अर्जुन उवाच

नष्टो मोहः स्मृतिर्लब्धा त्वत्प्रसादान्मयाच्युत ।

स्थितोऽस्मि गतसन्देहः करिष्ये वचनं तव ॥१८- ७३॥

arjuna uvāca
naṣṭo mohaḥ smṛtir labdhā tvatprasādān mayācyuta
sthitosmi gatasaṁdehaḥ kariṣye vacanaṁ tava 18.73

arjuna uvāca
naṣṭaḥ¹ mohaḥ² smṛtiḥ³ labdhā⁴ tvat-prasādāt⁵ mayā⁶ acyuta⁷
sthitaḥ⁸ asmi⁹ gata¹⁰ saṁdehaḥ¹¹ kariṣye¹² vacanam¹³ tava¹⁴ 18.73

arjuna uvāca = Arjuna said: [my] mohaḥ² = delusion; naṣṭaḥ¹ = has been destroyed; [and] smṛtiḥ³ = knowledge/memory; labdhā⁴ = has been gained; mayā⁶ = by me; tvat-prasādāt⁵ = because of Your Grace. acyuta⁷= O Acuyta [Krishna]; asmi⁹ = I am; sthitaḥ⁸ = firm; gata¹⁰ = removed; [of] saṁdehaḥ¹¹ = doubts. kariṣye¹² = I shall act; [according to] tava¹⁴ = Your; vacanam¹³ = words.18.73

18.73: Arjuna said:

My delusion has been destroyed; I gained knowledge (smrti) by Your grace, O Acuyta. I stand firm with all doubts removed. I shall act according to Your word.

संजय उवाच

इत्यहं वासुदेवस्य पार्थस्य च महात्मनः ।

संवादमिममश्रौषमद्भुतं रोमहर्षणम् ॥१८- ७४॥

sañjaya uvāca
ity aham vāsudevasya pārthasya ca mahātmanaḥ
saṁvādam imam aśrauṣam adbhutam roma-harṣaṇam 18.74

sañjaya uvāca
iti¹ aham² vāsudevasya³ pārthasya⁴ ca⁵ mahātmanaḥ⁶
saṁvādam⁷ imam⁸ aśrauṣam⁹ adbhutam¹⁰ roma-harṣaṇam¹¹ 18.74

sañjaya uvāca = Sanjaya said: iti¹ = thus; aham² = I; aśrauṣam⁹ = heard; imam⁸ = this; adbhutam¹⁰ = marvelous; saṁvādam⁷ = conversation; vāsudevasya³ = of Vāsudeva; ca⁵ = and; pārthasya⁴ = of Partha; mahātmanaḥ⁶ = the Great-souled [warrior]; roma-harṣaṇam¹¹ = causing horripilation. 18.74

18.74: Sanjaya said:

Thus, I heard this marvelous dialogue between Vasudeva (Lord Krishna) and the great-souled Partha (Arjuna). (It was) so wonderful that it made my hair stand on end.

व्यासप्रसादाच्छ्रुतवानेतद्गुह्यमहं परम् ।

योगं योगेश्वरात्कृष्णात्साक्षात्कथयतः स्वयम् ॥१८- ७५॥

vyāsaprasādāc chrutavān etad guhyam ahaṁ param
yogaṁ yogeśvarāt kṛṣṇāt sākṣāt kathayataḥ svayam 18.75

vyāsa-prasādāt¹ śrutavān² etat³ guhyam⁴ aham⁵ param⁶
yogam⁷ yogeśvarāt⁸ kṛṣṇāt⁹ sākṣāt¹⁰ kathayataḥ¹¹ svayam¹² 18.75

vyāsa-prasādāt¹ = By the Grace of Vyasdeva; aham⁵ = I; śrutavān² = heard; etat³ = this; param⁶= Supreme; guhyam⁴ = secret; [and] yogam⁷ = Yoga; sākṣāt¹⁰ = directly; kṛṣṇāt⁹ = from Krishna; yogeśvarāt⁸ = Lord of Yoga; svayam¹² = Himself; kathayataḥ¹¹ = speaking [to Arjuna]. 18.75

18.75: By the grace of Vyasadeva, I heard this supreme secret and yoga directly from Yoga-Isvara Krishna as He Himself was speaking (to Arjuna).

राजन्संस्मृत्य संस्मृत्य संवादमिममद्भुतम् ।

केशवार्जुनयोः पुण्यं हृष्यामि च मुहुर्मुहुः ॥१८- ७६॥

rājan saṁsmṛtya saṁsmṛtya saṁvādam imam
adbhutam keśavārjunayoḥ puṇyaṁ hṛṣyāmi ca muhur muhuḥ 18.76

rājan¹ saṁsmṛtya² saṁsmṛtya³ saṁvādam⁴ imam⁵
adbhutam⁶ keśava⁷ arjunayoḥ⁸ puṇyam⁹ hṛṣyāmi¹⁰ ca¹¹ muhuḥ muhuḥ¹² 18.76

rājan¹ = O king; saṁsmṛtya² saṁsmṛtya³ = remembering again and again; imam⁵= this; adbhutam⁶ = wonderful; ca¹¹ = and; puṇyam⁹ = pious; saṁvādam⁴ = dialogue; [between] keśava⁷ = Kesava; [and] arjunayoḥ⁸ Arjuna; hṛṣyāmi¹⁰ = I am thrilled with joy; muhuḥ muhuḥ¹² = every moment upon moment. 18.76

18.76: O King, again and again remembering this pious and wonderful dialogue between Kesava (Krishna) and Arjuna, I am thrilled with joy every moment upon moment.

तच्च संस्मृत्य संस्मृत्य रूपमत्यद्भुतं हरेः ।

विस्मयो मे महान् राजन्हृष्यामि च पुनः पुनः ॥१८- ७७॥

tac ca saṁsmṛtya saṁsmṛtya rūpam atyadbhutaṁ hareḥ
vismayo me mahān rājan hṛṣyāmi ca punaḥ punaḥ 18.77

tat¹ ca² saṁsmṛtya saṁsmṛtya³ rūpam⁴ ati⁵ adbhutam⁶ hareḥ⁷
vismayaḥ⁸ me⁹ mahān¹⁰ rājan¹¹ hṛṣyāmi¹² ca¹³ punaḥ punaḥ¹⁴ 18.77

ca² = And; saṁsmṛtya saṁsmṛtya³ = remembering again and again; tat¹ = that; ati⁵ = greatly; adbhutam⁶ = wondrous; rūpam⁴ = form; [of] hareḥ⁷= Hari [Bhagavan Krishna]; [in] mahān¹⁰ = great; vismayaḥ⁸ = amazement; ca¹³ = and; me⁹ = I; hṛṣyāmi¹² = rejoice; punaḥ punaḥ¹⁴ = again and again; rājan¹¹ = O King. 18.77

18.77: Remembering again and again the most wondrous form of Hareh ( Hari, Lord Krishna) in amazement I rejoice again and again, O King.

यत्र योगेश्वरः कृष्णो यत्र पार्थो धनुर्धरः ।

तत्र श्रीर्विजयो भूतिर्ध्रुवा नीतिर्मतिर्मम ॥१८- ७८॥

yatra yogeśvaraḥ kṛṣṇo yatra pārtho dhanurdharaḥ
tatra śrīr vijayo bhūtir dhruvā nītir matir mama 18.78

yatra¹ yogeśvaraḥ² kṛṣṇaḥ³ yatra⁴ pārthaḥ⁵ dhanuḥ-dharaḥ⁶
tatra⁷ śrīḥ⁸ vijayaḥ⁹ bhūtiḥ¹⁰ dhruvā¹¹ nītiḥ¹² matiḥ¹³ mama¹⁴ 18.78

yatra¹ = Where; [there is] kṛṣṇaḥ³ = Krishna; yogeśvaraḥ² = the Lord of Yoga; yatra⁴ = where; [there is] pārthaḥ⁵ = partha; dhanuḥ-dharaḥ⁶ = the archer; tatra⁷ = there; [are] śrīḥ⁸ = fortune; vijayaḥ⁹ = victory; bhūtiḥ¹⁰ = power; [and] dhruvā¹¹ = firm; nītiḥ¹² = morality. [that is] mama¹⁴ = my; matiḥ¹³ = opinion.18.78

18.78: Where there is Krishna, the Lord of Yoga, where Partha, the archer is, there will be fortune, victory, power, and morality. That is my opinion (according to Sanjaya).

End BG Chapter 18: Renunciation and Liberation